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Direct linkTrapp, Laura; Gershwin, Tracy; Robinson, Jason – Intervention in School and Clinic, 2022
The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act requires schools to conduct a manifestation determination (MD) meeting when suspending students with disabilities for more than 10 days. The MD procedure is intended to safeguard educational access by providing a process to determine if a student's disability is related to the suspending behavior. An…
Descriptors: Participative Decision Making, Meetings, Students with Disabilities, Student Behavior
Zirkel, Perry A. – Communique, 2020
In contrast with professional norms and best practices, the legal requirements for functional behavioral assessments (FBAs) and behavior intervention plans (BIP) are meager in scope and specificity (Collins & Zirkel, 2017). Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (2017) makes no mention of FBAs or BIPs, and the Individuals with Disabilities…
Descriptors: Functional Behavioral Assessment, Positive Behavior Supports, Individualized Education Programs, Legal Responsibility
Lewis, Maria M. – Teachers College Record, 2018
Background/Context: The administration of student discipline is one of many responsibilities under the purview of teachers and educational leaders across the country. Maintaining a safe environment with minimal disruptions is not an easy task. From existing research on student discipline, we have learned that critical examination of data and…
Descriptors: School Districts, Disabilities, Discipline Problems, Discipline
Fisher, Amy E.; Fisher, Benjamin W.; Railey, Kirsten S. – Race, Ethnicity and Education, 2021
Exclusionary discipline practices in the United States are used disproportionately in the punishment of Black students with a disability compared to White and Black students with or without a disability. One potential mechanism leading to the disproportionate use of exclusionary discipline is a process called 'manifestation determination reviews'…
Descriptors: Discipline, Suspension, Punishment, African American Students
Zirkel, Perry A. – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2020
Teachers and parents often find special education law complex and confusing. As one step for a basic foundation in special education law, a previous "TEACHING Exceptional Children" article (Zirkel, 2005) provided a snapshot of the "top five case concepts" based on 10 decisions from the Supreme Court. Each of these decisions…
Descriptors: Special Education, Educational Legislation, Students with Disabilities, Disabilities
Download full textKyrie E. Dragoo – Congressional Research Service, 2024
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the main federal statute governing special education and early intervention services for children with disabilities from birth through age 21.1 IDEA consists of four parts. Part A contains general provisions, including the purposes of the act and definitions. Part B contains provisions…
Descriptors: Educational Legislation, Federal Legislation, Equal Education, Students with Disabilities
Zirkel, Perry A. – Journal of Special Education Leadership, 2016
The purpose of this article is to present an updated comprehensive synthesis of the law, starting with the statutory provisions and culminating in the case law specific to the procedural and substantive requirements for manifestation determinations (MDs) under IDEA, as amended in 2004. Procedural requirements include issues such as who must make…
Descriptors: Educational Legislation, Federal Legislation, Equal Education, Students with Disabilities
Sullivan, Amanda L.; Nguyen, Thuy; Weeks, Mollie R.; Kulkarni, Tara – Equity Assistance Center Region III, Midwest and Plains Equity Assistance Center, 2019
To help families navigate these processes, this tool is intended to introduce students and families to their rights in common scenarios, promote educational equity for students with disabilities, describe potential recourse or remedies for educational discrimination, and provide resources to enhance equity within schools. Families' rights and…
Descriptors: Civil Rights, Students with Disabilities, Student Rights, Equal Education
Louisiana Department of Education, 2020
This guide was developed by the Louisiana Department of Education to help parents navigate the complex system that oversees special education in Louisiana's public schools. Each school year, local education agencies (LEAs) are required to provide parents a copy of the procedural safeguards. These safeguards are used to inform parents of the…
Descriptors: Special Education, Public Schools, Student Rights, Students with Disabilities
Dragoo, Kyrie E. – Congressional Research Service, 2018
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the main federal statute governing special education for children from birth through age 21. IDEA protects the rights of children with disabilities to a free appropriate public education (FAPE). It also supplements state and local funding to pay for some of the additional or excess costs of…
Descriptors: Educational Legislation, Equal Education, Federal Legislation, Disabilities
Organization for Autism Research, 2019
The fundamental intent of special education is to provide instruction to meet each child's unique needs. "Life Journey through Autism: Navigating the Special Education System" offers information, tools, and tips that will help parents become an even more effective advocate for their children. Many teachers, administrators, and school…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Students with Disabilities, Equal Education
Katsiyannis, Antonis; Counts, Jennifer; Popham, Michelle; Ryan, Joseph; Butzer, Madeline – NASSP Bulletin, 2016
Special education is the most highly litigated area within the field of education. Therefore, the purpose of the current article is to highlight cases (court decisions, Office of Civil Rights rulings, and State Educational Agency hearings) involving students with disabilities in 2015. Highlights from the case law point to the need for school…
Descriptors: Special Education, Court Litigation, State Departments of Education, Hearings
Lipscomb, Stephen; Haimson, Joshua; Liu, Albert Y.; Burghardt, John; Johnson, David R.; Thurlow, Martha L. – National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2017
The National Longitudinal Transition Study (NLTS) 2012 is a national study of nearly 13,000 youth with and without an individualized education program (IEP). These students were chosen to represent all students with and without an IEP in the United States in grades 7 through 12 (or secondary ungraded classes). Among the youth with an IEP are…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Transitional Programs, Longitudinal Studies, Special Education
Lipscomb, Stephen; Haimson, Joshua; Liu, Albert Y.; Burghardt, John; Johnson, David R.; Thurlow, Martha L. – National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2017
The National Longitudinal Transition Study (NLTS) 2012 is a national study of nearly 13,000 youth with and without an individualized education program (IEP). These students were chosen to represent all students with and without an IEP in the United States in grades 7 through 12 (or secondary ungraded classes). Among the youth with an IEP are…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Transitional Programs, Longitudinal Studies, Special Education
Lipscomb, Stephen; Hamison, Joshua; Liu Albert Y.; Burghardt, John; Johnson, David R.; Thurlow, Martha – National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2017
It is widely recognized that the 12 percent of all youth in American public schools who have disabilities comprise a set of students with distinct capacities and needs. Federal legislation, including the most recent updates to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 2004, identifies different disability groups and mandates that…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Transitional Programs, Longitudinal Studies, Special Education
