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Brunfaut, Tineke; Harding, Luke – Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 2020
In the field of second and foreign language learning, the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR) is widely-used for setting language proficiency standards within European, and increasingly global, contexts. Few studies, however, have investigated the ways in which systemic, macro-level factors within national educational…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Standards, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning

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