Small learning communities, an initiative to transform large struggling comprehensive high schools into smaller autonomous schools, are being empirically examined in the field of education to assess if transformation is actually occurring as seen by positive outcomes, such as increased academic achievement. There is an absence of literature on…

Many educational researchers have identified issues on classifying schools and some have made use of ad-hoc classification systems in their analyses; however, these solutions are generally one-dimensional, which prohibits them from capturing the full breadth of variation among schools. To understand the amount of variation that exist in schools…

The author describes educational planning in France from about 1950 to present because he believes that a good many of the general theoretical problems of planning in France can scarcely be distinguished from the questions that are specific to Germany, which has reached an impasse in educational planning. (KC)