The return on research investment resulting from new breakthrough scientific discoveries may be decreasing over time due to the law of diminishing returns, the relative decrease of research funding in terms of purchasing power parity, and various activities gaming the system. By altering the grant-review process, the scientific community may…

This position statement presents a summative argument against current structures and practices of assessment in England's primary schools, and some key principles for its replacement. The text was agreed by More Than A Score, a broad coalition of professional, curriculum, research and campaigning organisations opposed to the current assessment…

The focal paper by Baird et al. in this special issue argues that there are few issues more important in education than the relationship between assessment and learning. On the one hand, learning is the ultimate goal of all educational interventions; on the other, assessment has become a leviathan that constrains and shapes virtually all of that…

Bacon and Stewart (2016) argued that assurance of learning efforts in most business schools is largely futile--a stance held by many faculty members, for a variety of reasons. They provided detailed evidence that most schools' data collection efforts for assessment, particularly in graduate or niche programs, suffers from insufficient statistical…

Although current accountability systems have received a great deal of criticism for being too narrow and too focused on sanctions, relatively little concern has been directed at a related problem: the failure of accountability systems to meaningfully engage the public. Derek Gottlieb and Jack Schneider suggest that a better system would consider…

María Teresa Flórez Petour is an assistant professor and head of research in the Pedagogical Studies Department of the University of Chile. She also coordinates the Department's Assessment Study Group, and is a research associate at the Oxford University Centre for Educational Assessment. Her research interests are related to assessment policy in…

In this commentary on this issue's focus article by Baird et al., Pellegrino focuses first on the fundamental nature of educational assessment and its connection to theories, models, and data on learning. He then discusses the contemporary views of learning in the form of learning progressions as they relate to assessment development. In the third…

The central role of educational testing practices in contemporary societies can hardly be overstated. It is furthermore evident that psychometric models regulate, justify, and legitimize the processes through which educational testing practices are used. In this commentary, the authors offer some observations that may be relevant for the analyses…

In their essay, "Why Assessment Will Never Work...," Bacon and Stewart (2016) recommend that instead of carrying out the expensive process of experimenting themselves, many business schools would get a bigger bang for their buck if they used "published pedagogical studies that use direct measures of learning with sufficient…

In John Raven's "Diving in Where Angels Fear to Tread: Pre-Requisites to Evidence-Based Interventions," he outlines several critical failings in which social scientists bear a responsibility for potentially a great deal of damage toward children, society, and notably, the planet itself. The nature of the damage appears to be one of…

In this commentary, Kathleen Scalise highlights some of the points made in Alonzo and Ke's 2016 article, "Taking Stock: Existing Resources for Assessing a New Vision of Science Learning" (EJ1122509) and applies her own work experience to take the discussion further. Alonzo and Ke outline important resources available in large-scale…

As Bae (2018) suggests, one way to fill gaps between a holistic view of student learning and accountability policy implementation is to use multiple measures that reflect diverse perspectives of learning. The purpose of this commentary is to provide a discussion of issues, which need to be considered in order to achieve the desired outcomes of…

In this commentary, the authors have set out some areas where they see overlaps between the original position paper and the current discussion around theory and practice in language assessment, the key consideration of washback, and the need for a greater awareness of, and engagement with, the assessment literacy of policy-makers and other key…

In this article, Dylan William states that the central claim in Baird, et al.'s piece is that if theories of assessment take into account theories of learning, assessments will somehow be more valid, and some of the more egregious effects of assessment on learning will be ameliorated. William responds to this claim by arguing that it seems…

The question of how to assess the value of what professors do should engage all. Within this context, Donald R. Bacon and Kim A. Stewart's (2016) essay, "Why Assessment Will Never Work at Many Business Schools," is a laudable effort with important insights. In this rejoinder, Nesteruk, for the most part, is in substantial agreement with…