The human resource allocation and efficient utilization of PhD graduates directly affects China's macro strategy of building an innovative country with strong human resources. The existence of different forms of overt or hidden employment discrimination leads to "multiple losses of efficiency" on the national, organizational, and…

Access to opportunities for higher education is a classic topic in the sociology of higher education, but studies on access to doctoral education are still rare. This paper drew on data from the 2016 National Master's Graduate Survey to analyze this issue, focusing on the effects of gender and the types of the institution on access to doctoral…