Early results from a Montessori nursery program initiated by Toronto, Canada, in 1971, to help inner-city children prepare for formal education indicate that the mothers of the 15 three- and four-year-old children were pleased with the program. Specifically, they felt that the children had increased their verbal skills, preparedness for junior…

Twenty culturally deprived children planning to enter first grade in the fall attended an 8-week half-day summer program in which a systematic classroom management program utilizing token reinforcement and isolation techniques was combined with a strong academic program. One hour and 40 minutes was allotted daily to pre-reading and language…