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Threat and Deprivation Are Associated with Distinct Aspects of Cognition, Emotional Processing, and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents
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Schäfer, Julia Luiza; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Manfro, Gisele Gus; Pan, Pedro; Rohde, Luis Augusto; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino; Simioni, André; Hoffmann, Maurício Scopel; Salum, Giovanni Abrahão – Developmental Science, 2023
Exposure to childhood adversity has been consistently associated with poor developmental outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations vary across different forms of adversity. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between threat and deprivation with cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in a…
Descriptors: Child Behavior, Children, Adolescents, Disadvantaged Environment
Beyond Family-Level Adversities: Exploring the Developmental Timing of Neighborhood Disadvantage Effects on the Brain
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Gard, Arianna M.; Maxwell, Andrea M.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Mitchell, Colter; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne; McLanahan, Sara S.; Forbes, Erika E.; Monk, Christopher S.; Hyde, Luke W. – Developmental Science, 2021
A growing literature suggests that adversity is associated with later altered brain function, particularly within the corticolimbic system that supports emotion processing and salience detection (e.g., amygdala, prefrontal cortex [PFC]). Although neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage has been shown to predict maladaptive behavioral outcomes,…
Descriptors: Brain, Disadvantaged Environment, Neighborhoods, Individual Development
A Translational Application of Music for Preschool Cognitive Development: RCT Evidence for Improved Executive Function, Self-Regulation, and School Readiness
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Bentley, Laura A.; Eager, Rebecca; Savage, Sally; Nielson, Cathy; White, Sonia L. J.; Williams, Kate E. – Developmental Science, 2023
The benefits of active music participation and training for cognitive development have been evidenced in multiple studies, with this link leveraged in music therapy approaches with clinical populations. Although music, rhythm, and movement activities are widely integrated into children's play and early education, few studies have systematically…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preschool Children, Preschool Education, Intervention
The Long-Term Effects of Institutional Rearing, Foster Care Intervention and Disruptions in Care on Brain Electrical Activity in Adolescence
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Debnath, Ranjan; Tang, Alva; Zeanah, Charles H.; Nelson, Charles A.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Exposure to early psychosocial deprivation as a result of institutional care disrupts typical brain development. The Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is the first longitudinal study to investigate the neurodevelopment of institutionalized infants randomized to a foster care (FCG) intervention versus care as usual (CAUG). Here, we…
Descriptors: Foster Care, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Placement, Child Development
Electrophysiological Evidence of Altered Memory Processing in Children Experiencing Early Deprivation
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Guler, O. Evren; Hostinar, Camelia E.; Frenn, Kristin A.; Nelson, Charles A.; Gunnar, Megan R.; Thomas, Kathleen M. – Developmental Science, 2012
Associations between early deprivation and memory functioning were examined in 9- to 11-year-old children. Children who had experienced prolonged institutional care prior to adoption were compared to children who were adopted early from foster care and children reared in birth families. Measures included the Paired Associates Learning task from…
Descriptors: Disadvantaged Environment, Foster Care, Memory, Cognitive Processes
Implicit Sequence Learning in Deaf Children with Cochlear Implants
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Conway, Christopher M.; Pisoni, David B.; Anaya, Esperanza M.; Karpicke, Jennifer; Henning, Shirley C. – Developmental Science, 2011
Deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs) represent an intriguing opportunity to study neurocognitive plasticity and reorganization when sound is introduced following a period of auditory deprivation early in development. Although it is common to consider deafness as affecting hearing alone, it may be the case that auditory deprivation leads to…
Descriptors: Deafness, Disadvantaged Environment, Assistive Technology, Auditory Perception