Even though school safety is a topic of concern for many people, there are laws that specifically protect students because of race, national origin, sex, religion, sexual orientation, etc. Educational spaces should prioritize the safety and well-being of all students (Ladson-Billings, 2014). Hence, educators are charged with the responsibility of…

The negative societal or school-delivered messages that students can receive in relation to their race, ethnicity, gender or gender identity, language, immigration status, disability, age, or any other feature that is associated with social stigma can trigger social identity or stereotype threat. Such threat occurs when people feel they are at…

The research examining African American high school students' perceptions of their academic identities has been limited. Yet, multitudes of other sources have contributed to the discussion on how to reverse the perennial underachievement of many African American students. This qualitative study attempts to provide a space for African American high…