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Peer reviewed
Direct linkTayla Chellew; Josephine Barbaro; Nerelie C. Freeman – Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2024
Compared to males, females are at a much greater likelihood of receiving a later diagnosis of autism, which impacts their opportunity to receive early support. To assist with early identification, this systematic literature review aimed to ascertain whether females differ from males in the early childhood signs of autism. The small number of…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Young Children, Females, Literature Reviews
Oscar W. H. Wong; Sandra S. M. Chan; Steven W. H. Chau; Winnie C. W. Chu; Carol S. W. Ho; Stephy W. S. Ho; Se Fong Hung; Samara Hussain; Kelly Y. C. Lai; Angela M. W. Lam; Holly H. L. Lo; Karen K. Y. Ma; Suk Ling Ma; Flora Y. M. Mo; Pak Chung Sham; Caroline K. S. Shea; Suzanne H. W. So; Kelvin K. F. Tsoi; Patrick W. L. Leung – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2025
Epidemiological studies on autism lack representation from Asia. We estimated the prevalence of autism among children and youths in Hong Kong using a two-stage approach. In addition, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the screening instrument and explored sex differences within an epidemiological context. A random school-based sample of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Epidemiology, Children
Terence T.Y. Kwok; Melody M.Y. Chan; Flora Y.M. Mo; Se-Fong Hung; Patrick W.L. Leung; Kelly Y.C. Lai; Caroline K.S. Shea – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2024
This study estimated the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in a 5-year inpatient cohort of children and adolescents diagnosed with first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals, and explored the clinical characteristics predicting first-episode psychosis-autism spectrum disorder comorbidity. The autism spectrum disorder…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Psychosis, Comorbidity
Cathryn Knight; Emily Lowthian; Tom Crick; Carys Jones; Anna Rawlings; Hoda Abbasizanjani; Sarah Rees – British Educational Research Journal, 2025
In the context of an emerging new additional learning needs (ALN) system in Wales, this research explores who was likely to be identified with special educational needs (SEN) under the previous system. Our study reveals analysis of linked Welsh education and health data on SEN identification in learners in mainstream education settings born…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Students with Disabilities, Disability Identification, Mainstreaming
Thelma E. Uzonyi; Elizabeth R. Crais; Linda R. Watson; Sallie W. Nowell; Grace T. Baranek – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2025
This study explored the salient characteristics of transactions within parent-child engagement and investigated relationships between transactional characteristics and future identification of autism. The main aims of the study were to (1) examine if parents/children and their initial behaviors impact the length of transaction; (2) determine…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Parent Child Relationship, Behavior, Interaction
Michael Terner; Sandra Israel-Yaacov; Ofer Golan – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2024
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, characterized by altered social communication and repetitive behavior. Typically diagnosed in early childhood, screening and diagnosis at a later age can be challenging, particularly in girls who exhibit a wider range of behaviors and characteristics. This study aimed to examine the Childhood Autism…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Screening Tests, Hebrew, Disability Identification
Monya Anne Thompson – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Autism spectrum disorder is diagnosed more in males than females, this difference is even more prevalent if the female is of at least average intelligence. The problem addressed by this qualitative exploratory case study was the under-identification of females with autism due to their masking behavior. This problem directly impacts females who…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Behavior, Females, Individual Characteristics
Isabella Barclay; Kapil Sayal; Tamsin Ford; Ann John; Mark J. Taylor; Anita Thapar; Kate Langley; Joanna Martin – JCPP Advances, 2025
Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition, more often diagnosed in males. In many individuals, particularly females, ADHD is diagnosed later or missed, the reasons for this are not fully understood. Timely diagnosis is needed to provide support, management, and treatment to improve…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Clinical Diagnosis, Disability Identification, Gender Differences
Johny Daniel; Hsin Wang – Review of Education, 2023
This study aims to investigate gender differences in the identification for special educational needs services within the context of England. Gender disparities in disability identification have long been of concern, impacting tailored support and opportunities for female students. By utilising population-level data, we seek to ascertain the…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Students with Disabilities, Disability Identification, Disproportionate Representation
Kavanaugh, Brian C.; Schremp, Christine A.; Jones, Richard N.; Best, Carrie R.; Sheinkopf, Stephen J.; Morrow, Eric M. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2023
The objective of this study was to determine the clinical features that moderate a later age at ASD diagnosis in females in a large sample of females with ASD. Within two large and independent ASD datasets (>20,000 females), females were first diagnosed with ASD 14-months later relative to males. This later age at diagnosis was moderated by a…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Age Differences, Females
Eldeeb, Sherief Y.; Ludwig, Natasha N.; Wieckowski, Andrea Trubanova; Dieckhaus, Mary F. S.; Algur, Yasemin; Ryan, Victoria; Dufek, Sarah; Stahmer, Aubyn; Robins, Diana L. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2023
Males are more likely to be diagnosed with autism than females, and at earlier ages, yet few studies examine sex differences in screening. This study explored sex differences in psychometric properties, recommended cutoff scores, and overall scores of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up. Participants were 28,088…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Screening Tests, Disability Identification
Ibrahim Can Yasa; Müge Müzeyyen Çiyiltepe – SAGE Open, 2024
Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a language deficit affecting approximately 7% of the general population and does not associate with any hearing impairment, neurological damage, or mental disorder. In DLD, the complications arise over time due to the learning difficulties experienced, which causes eventual cognitive delay compared to…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Language Impairments, Screening Tests, Young Children
Eileen R. Weatherall – ProQuest LLC, 2023
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the perspectives of educational diagnosticians regarding male and female students receiving special education services in central Texas public schools. Since educational diagnosticians are the professionals who determine if students are eligible for special education services by administering…
Descriptors: Special Education, Students with Disabilities, Public Schools, Eligibility
Jennifer Baumbusch; Jennifer E. V. Lloyd; Vanessa C. Fong – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2025
Research examining the impact of gender on educational outcomes in autistic students has been sparse. To address this gap, this study investigated the educational journeys of students with autism spectrum disorder in British Columbia, Canada. We examined (1) the time it takes for students to receive an initial autism spectrum disorder designation;…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Students with Disabilities, Student Experience
Fethiye Kilicaslan; Ali Evren Tufan – International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2024
Objective: To determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of children followed up with the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at a tertiary center in Southeeast Turkey. Methods: Children followed up with the diagnosis of ASD at a university hospital child psychiatry clinic between June 2016 and June 2021 were evaluated…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children, Individual Characteristics, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
