The review describes the advance organizer technique and reviews the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of advance organizers with both normal students and students classified as handicapped. Examples of advance organizers include the expository advance organizer, the comparative advance organizer, the graphic advance organizer, and…

This article critiques the "Research, Development, and Dissemination" model for development of innovations in special education and urges greater recognition of the cultural perspective for understanding resistance to change by teachers. Difficulties teachers have had in implementing Direct Instruction principles and their reactions to…

This report examines the educational needs of and services provided to children with disabilities in developing nations and identifies key strategies for developing educational provisions for this population. It stresses that integrated education and community-based rehabilitation are two approaches which can provide cost-effective and meaningful…