This research article reports on the experience of a special needs unit within an Aotearoa/New Zealand high school during a period of inclusive change. The study of the special needs unit represented a case study within a larger year-long qualitative study of the school experience. Utilizing the Index for Inclusion: Developing learning and…

The article calls attention to the fact that one of the ironies of P.L. 94-142 is the constraining effect of the regulations developed to implement the law. A combination resource room and self- contained class are described as one alternative to strict adherence to the Deno Cascade model. (Author)

The article reviews the special class as a model of serving exceptional children; reviews the increasingly more complex and more ecological views on retarded, learning disabled, and emotionally disturbed children; and points out implications for research (team research, funding, and consumer review) and practice (clinical approach, augmented…

This commentary on EC 605 995 argues that rendering services to students with disabilities in general education does not preclude future problems; general education is not equipped to deal with great student diversity; and training needs should be addressed through special education, community-based education, employment preparation, transition…

Most of the principals (82 percent) considered the most effective placement to be a combination of regular class and part-time special education. Only 6.4 percent regarded full-time regular class as most effective, while 10.1 percent favored full-time special class placement. (DB)

The decision to mainstream a child into the least restrictive environment opens up a variety of possibilities. The author surveys the mainstreaming options available in public schools, ranging from regular class placement to custodial care. (Part of a theme issue on mainstreaming.) (Editor/SJL)

A survey of 43 early childhood special-education administrators in California found the programs for infants tended to be home-based, preschoolers with mild disabilities were frequently fully included, and preschoolers with severe disabilities and low-incidence disabilities were more often partially included or placed in special classes only.…

The development of special education in Brazil is compared with England and the U.S., emphasizing the predominance of educable mentally retarded as a category and the preference for special class provision. The paper discusses various influencing factors, current government policy and service provision, and the future prospects for integration.…

An independent audit of the San Diego (California) special education department was commissioned to examine: (1) whether programs exceed mandates of federal and state law, (2) whether the district has maximized funding sources in reporting programs and costs; and (3) whether alternative service delivery models or community interagency…

This study investigated the preferences of parents, teachers, and students regarding the relative benefits of a cooperative teaching (general educator/special educator in a general education classroom) service model in comparison to a special education "pull-out" model. A cooperative teaching model was implemented in four public…

This study examined the prevalence of different program models for early childhood special education services (ECSE) to children with disabilities, ages 3-5, in Iowa. The degree to which children in ECSE programs received special education services in settings with their peers who did not have disabilities was also investigated. The study sample…

The study examined state-to-state variability in the use of alternative placements for disabled students ages 6-17 during school year 1986-87, including the extent to which students were placed in settings apart from the regular education environment. Data submitted annually to the Office of Special Education Programs (U.S. Department of…

The Texas Education Agency bulletin examines aspects of physical education for students with handicaps. Following a statement of philosophy, the guidelines address the following topics: assessment (characteristics of motor assessment instruments); the developmental program plan (program organization, descriptors and skills for essential elements);…

A comparative analysis of 10 primary and 10 secondary schools found relationships between school policy toward children with learning problems (either encouraging mainstreaming or separate classes) and other aspects of school functioning, including educational philosophy, approach to handicap identification, and degree of communication between the…

The literature review describes the ideal of "a school for all" which integrates children with and without disabilities from a European perspective. Topics covered include a historical review of discrimination against the disabled, the establishment of private special schools, the increasing role of public educational authorities in…