Discusses educational goals in ancient India, western education in India, educational goals in free India, goals and national development, and the problem of poverty and equal distribution of national gains. (Author/PG)

India's National Adult Education Program ( NAEP), which focuses on the needs of illiterate adults in the 15-35 age group, is described with particular attention given to the importance of improving occupational skills and raising the level of awareness regarding the predicament of the poor and illiterate. (LBH)

Citing wrong priorities and methods and lack of conviction as reasons for illiteracy in India increasing by about 15 per cent in the first 24 years of independence, the author calls for emphasis on primary and adult education, some of it informal, as in the Satellite Instructional Television Experiment. (JT)

Noting the major objectives of India's Fifth Five Year Plan, including emphasis on cultivation of moral and spiritual values in students, the author discusses India's situation in comparison with the development of other nations and analyzes the question of when or how individual enlightenment affects large groups of people or the development of a…

Conscientisation'', the development of critical consciousness through a process of reflection and action is the central concept of Paulo Freire's educational theory of radical social change expressed in a literacy training program. (Editor/PG)