The factive nominal construction of Spanish shows to what extent semantic notions and syntactic constraints are mutually influential. Positive presupposition on the part of the speaker as to truth or falsehood of a subordinate proposition is reflected by the use of the indicative mood; negative or indefinite presupposition by use of the…

Different theories of semantic fields are discussed and different types of semantic fields explained. (RM)

THE PURPOSE OF THIS DESCRIPTIVE STUDY IS TO DEFINE THE MAJOR STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF RIFF, A BERBER LANGUAGE SPOKEN BY THE BERBER TRIBESMEN OF THE RIF IN NORTHERN MOROCCO. THE DESCRIPTION IS PRESENTED IN THREE PARTS--PHONOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, AND SYNTAX. THE PHONEMES ARE DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF DISTINCTIVE FEATURES. PHARYNGEALIZATION AND TENSION ARE…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS DESCRIPTIVE STUDY IS TO DEFINE THE MAJOR STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF KABYLE, A GROUP OF BERBER DIALECTS SPOKEN CHIEFLY IN NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ALGERIA. THE DESCRIPTION IS PRESENTED IN THREE PARTS--PHONOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, AND SYNTAX. THE PHONEMES ARE DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF DISTINCTIVE FEATURES. PHARYNGEALIZATION AND GEMINATION ARE…

Argues that Mandarin co-verbs are best viewed as prepositions which are still in the process of changing from earlier verbs. Arguments include the fact that co-verbs have prepositional meanings and that sentences containing co-verbs are not two-clause sentences. (Author/RM)

Descriptions of the perfective aspect in Russian taken from Miklosich, Saxmatov, Peskovsky, Fortunatov, and Karcevskij serve as background reading to the author's discussion of the problem. He explores three basic questions: (1) Is aspect a Russian problem in grammar or lexicography; (2) What is the nature of the correlation between the perfective…

The present study analyzes the "ing" forms that follow deictic verbs of movement, including "go,""come,""take,""bring," and "carry." Many examples are given to support the theory that the "ing" forms are not verbs or nouns, but rahter adverbials and that these adverbials are members of a class that refers to activities characterized by certain…

A number of syntactic constructions in Mandarin Chinese are analyzed which, synchronically, are unrelated and highly irregular. However, all reflect a diachronic drift which has been operating in Mandarin Chinese, in the light of which the syntactic constructions can be viewed as structures in transition. (Author/RM)

Rejects a too-general classification of modality; would omit emotionality, affirmations and negations. Particles should not be indiscriminately classed as modals. Modality is divided into three aspects, which are then explained, with numerous comparative examples in Czech and German. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

The movements of such higher predicates as time, locative, and complementation verbs are studied, and Tai's Predicate Placement Constraint is rejected as an incorrect account of predicate movements in Chinese. It is proposed, on the other hand, that there is only leftward movement involving predicates in Chinese. (Author)

This paper examines the meaning and functions of the directional suffixes (adverbial expressions of direction) in Kusaiean and Ponapean. It is shown that the directional suffixes have two semantic features of direction and terminus. Depending on the different contexts in which they are used, sometimes only one semantic feature is employed and…

The discussion of Spanish verbs considers the problems of tense and aspect. Two tenses are used in the description: past and non-past. The past tense is considered the marked member and the non-past the unmarked member. Aspect is considered in terms of "telic" verbs which express an action tending towards a goal, and "atelic" verbs which do not…