In recent years, online mass media has made a significant contribution to explaining events and how these events are interpreted and understood by the public. One of them is the incident regarding the case of public officials with a lifestyle of hedonism (those familiar with corrupt behavior). The purpose of this study is to examine the image of…

The objective of this research was to develop interactive multimedia for teaching speaking descriptive text to tenth-grader students of the culinary program. This research was conducted by using the research and development (R & D) approach adapted and modified from Borg and Gall. The procedures were conducting needs analysis, designing the…

An analysis of vowel distribution patterns in Rawas, an Austronesian language spoken in Sumatra, is presented. The language has six vowels, each with long and short variants in complementary distribution, and five diphthongs that occur generally in open syllables. It is proposed, based on this analysis, that each Rawas syllable is precisely two…