Develops a new model of crisis perception and compares it to Hermann's three-variable model (surprise, short decision time, and threat to valued goals). Three specific predictions derived from the proposed model are confirmed by data from 177 industrial and educational organizations that experienced curtailments of natural gas allocations.…

Studies the use of process instructions which explain to the jury not only the law but also provide a step-by-step process for the jury to follow. Concludes that results, in terms of verdict, do not differ with the use of process or standard instructions, but that less time was needed to reach a verdict using the process instructions. (JMF)

Two organizational problem situations were worked on by 61 teams in 4 conditions: (1) controls, (2) traditional process (goal clarity, commitment, decision making), (3) team learning (assumption surfacing, dialog, reflection), and (4) combined 2 and 3. Team learning produced significantly more double-loop learning. Controls achieved more…

Outlines major steps in problem-solving process: (1) defining the real objective; (2) defining characteristics of the optimum solution; (3) searching for alternate solutions; (4) comparing the best alternative solutions; and (5) choosing the best solution. Discusses variations in procedure when problem owner and solver are the same or different…

The current study hypothesized that undergraduates enrolled in a career explorations course would report significant gains in career decision-making self-efficacy and vocational identity during a semester. A repeated measures MANOVA was used to assess 88 students' precourse and postcourse self-efficacy for five tasks related to career decision…

Many students recognizes the value of participating in an internship program. The experience benefits not only students and potential future employers, but colleges, too--not the mention the workforce. Internships often equip students with a competitive advantage over other job seekers. On-the-job programs not only allow students to discover the…

Results of preliminary field work with a number of educational agencies in the Atlanta area attempting to assess the interest of key decision-makers in such agencies in systems analysis approaches to problems and the level of problem with which such interest is embraced is reported. (Author)

Distance education has numerous inherent philosophies to utilize in teaching-learning situation. The problem solving aspect of distance learning encourages active involvement by students in teaching-learning situations; student selection of content; teachers as guides and motivators of student learning; ordering of learning experiences in terms of…

The purpose of this article was to question assumptions and explore limitations of the hypothetical moral situation approach by examining certain logical features of moral judgments in both hypothetical and non-hypothetical contexts. (Author/RK)

Two ways of communication in the problem solving process of evaluation are described. In Model I, the theory-in-use is governed by "win, de-emphasize negative feelings, and be rational." This leads to strategies of protect yourself, protect others, and control the situation and the task. These strategies result in mistrust,…

The terms "case study" and "case" are used in this study to indicate the description of a situation which is used as a basis for study and discussion. "Case leader" is used to indicate the person responsible for the learning situation; "students" are those who are there to learn, including senior managers of mature years. Case studies are used…

Discussed are five dimensions through which one may better analyze and understand the nature and extent of a problem. (BD)

Provides a comprehensive view of the decision-making process as it relates to career choice. The steps in this process are (1) problem identification, (2) generation of alternatives, (3) information gathering, and (4) evaluation of alternatives. Individual variations are summarized. (CH)

This introductory article defines and delimits expert systems. The discussion covers the concepts of artificial intelligence, the components of an expert system, and the significance of expert systems when compared to more traditional decision making tools. (CLB)