Local public officials may be confronted with the use of economic multipliers when asked to react to project proposals, to environmental impact statements, or to other studies containing economic impact analyses. Employment, income, and output multipliers are tools for estimating private sector economic impacts of a new development within a local…

An investigation of a proposed public transit was based on the assumptions that knowledge of school tax referenda should provide a framework for understanding voter behavior in other types of referenda, and that propositions generated in one type of research should hold up in another. It was anticipated that there would be spillover effects from…

A four-stage model (goal setting, program planning, program implementation, program evaluation) for achieving diversity in the means and ends of education is suggested. Its major thrust is for more educational programming at the local school level. (MS)

Discussed are some decision-making influences on the attitudes of New York City parents toward school decentralization. The Mass Media Committee of the Center for Urban Education maintains a representative panel of parents from whom information about communication experiences and responses to educational issues can be gathered. Telephone…

Determining the proper role of State and local government and coordinating the efforts of government agencies at all levels are the top concerns of State-level education decisionmakers, including governors, legislators, and educators. A poll of Education of the States (ECS) commissioners indicates that issues of coordination and governance…

Purposes of this guide for change agents are to (1) present four methods for identifying community power actors (community leaders), (2) provide a description of how change agents might use each of the four methods, (3) compare the four methods, (4) suggest ways to use a combination of methods or combine elements from various methods, and (5)…

A study was made to develop a Cooperative Extension program response determination model for community resource development for application at the state level. Sub-objectives were to define the concept of community resource development, provide a basis for identifying clients for educational programs on community problems and decision making,…

This resource unit, developed by University of Minnesota's Project Social Studies as part of a course on Our Political System, introduces eighth graders to decision making at the local level. This unit, much shorter than the others in the course, attempts to have pupils use concepts learned earlier to analyze one or more crucial problems in their…

Political factors that school superintendents perceive as related to decision making were studied using a random sample of 172 superintendents from 11 southeastern states. The results show that the greatest political influences were local and state sources within the organizational structure of the school districts. (SLD)

This book illustrates the tools necessary to empower adults and children to help implement significant changes that will begin to eliminate some of the problems that plague the environment and threaten the legacy of a healthy, safe planet. The book tells how to turn creative ideas into action that can change laws, restore and preserve the oceans,…

A model and supportive materials are presented for design and implementation of a program for involving citizens in decision-making concerning significant environmental issues. Chapter topics include: why citizen involvement? (potential benefits of the process); theoretical basis for citizen involvement (three fundamental perspectives underlying…

Rapid residential growth in rural areas or on the fringes of urban areas brings both costs and benefits. Seven factors determine whether new homes and subdivisions generate more revenues than expenditures. Local governments can substantially influence four of these seven factors in order to reduce the public costs of residential growth. Less…

Rural Africa includes some 80% of the African population; its people are poverty stricken, illiterate, ill-sheltered, and ill-nourished. These circumstances make rural development absolutely vital. However, past rural development policies have failed to take into consideration the structure and division of labor in the farm family, the traditional…

Part of a sequential series of curriculum units in environmental education for grades 4 through 12, this curriculum guide for grade 9 focuses on identifying problems, formulating hypotheses, considering alternatives, and making decisions in environmental education. The activities include the showing of films, making environmental decisions,…

In developing programs to foster purposive social change, it is imperative that program planners receive information regarding the perceptions of those in key positions and the general public concerning the major problems or issues facing a county. This report assesses the characteristics of leaders from several North Carolina counties in regard…