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Neldner, Karri; Wilks, Matti; Crimston, Charlie R.; Jaymes, R. W. M.; Nielsen, Mark – Developmental Psychology, 2023
In industrialized societies, adults exhibit stable preferences for the types of people, animals, and entities they feel moral concern for (Crimston et al., 2016). Only one published study to date has utilized the moral circles paradigm to examine these preferences in children, finding that as children age, their preferences shift to become more…
Descriptors: Moral Values, Child Development, Familiarity, Preferences
Corbit, John; Dockrill, Mya; Hartlin, Stef; Moore, Chris – Developmental Science, 2023
There is mounting empirical evidence to suggest that adults are intuitively cooperative. When presented with a cooperative dilemma between self-maximizing and benefitting the common good, decisions made quickly are more likely to be cooperative, whereas slow decisions tend to favor self-interest. To investigate the ontogenetic origins of intuitive…
Descriptors: Intuition, Time Management, Age Differences, Computer Games
Venus Ho; Emily Stonehouse; Ori Friedman – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Although stories for children often feature supernatural and fantastical events, children themselves often prefer realistic events when choosing what should happen in a story. In two experiments, we investigated whether 3- to 5-year-olds (total N = 240 from diverse backgrounds) might be more likely to include fantastical events in stories about…
Descriptors: Fiction, Fantasy, Child Development, Preferences
Zhuang, Winnie; Niebaum, Jesse; Munakata, Yuko – Developmental Psychology, 2023
When making decisions, the amount of time remaining matters. When time horizons are long, exploring unknown options can inform later decisions, but when time horizons are short, exploiting known options should be prioritized. While adults and adolescents adapt their exploration in this way, it is unclear when such adaptation emerges and how…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Preschool Children, College Students, Developmental Stages
Noyes, Alexander; Dunham, Yarrow; Keil, Frank C. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
We systematically compared beliefs about animal (e.g., "lion"), artifactual (e.g., "hammer"), and institutional (e.g., "police officer") categories, aiming to identify whether people draw different inferences about which categories are subjective and which are socially constituted. We conducted two studies with 270…
Descriptors: Animals, Preschool Children, Children, Child Development
M. M. Elsherif; J. C. Catling – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2024
Purpose: Adults recognize words that are acquired during childhood more quickly than words acquired during adulthood. This is known as the Age of Acquisition (AoA) effect. The AoA effect, according to the integrated account, manifests in tasks necessitating greater semantic processing and in tasks with arbitrary input-output mapping. Compound…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Word Recognition, Linguistic Input, Reading Processes
Martin Merkt; Daniel Bodemer – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2024
Background: When watching educational online videos, learners need to determine whether the videos' contents are suitable for learning. Whereas this may induce metacognitive monitoring processes, it may also distract learners from the learning materials. Objectives: In the current set of experiments, we investigated whether asking participants to…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Teaching Methods, Metacognition, Instructional Materials
Nischal, Roshni Pushpa; Behrmann, Marlene – Developmental Science, 2023
Holistic processing (HP) of faces refers to the obligatory, simultaneous processing of the parts and their relations, and it emerges over the course of development. HP is manifest in a decrement in the perception of inverted versus upright faces and a reduction in face processing ability when the relations between parts are perturbed. Here,…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Cognitive Processes, Developmental Stages, Comparative Analysis
Yingzhao Chen – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2024
The congruency effect--that is, faster and more accurate processing of congruent multiword units, has been demonstrated in multiple studies. It is still unclear, however, what its underlying mechanism is, and how congruency may interact with other factors. Using an acceptability judgement task, this study examined the congruency effect in…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Word Frequency
Kray, Jutta; Kreis, Barbara K.; Lorenz, Corinna – Developmental Psychology, 2021
This study examined whether age differences in risky decision making are dependent on known probability and value of outcomes (i.e., the expected value [EV]), the valence of anticipated outcomes (gains or losses), and individual differences in working memory and impulsivity. We used a task that varied risk independently from EV so that taking…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Decision Making, Risk, Short Term Memory
Aveledo, Fraibet; Sanchez-Alonso, Sara; Piñango, Maria Mercedes – First Language, 2022
The delayed acquisition of Spanish "ser" and "estar" is generally understood as rooted in the cognitive demands imposed by the integration of semantic-pragmatic and world-knowledge factors associated with their lexical meanings. Here we ask (1) what is the nature of this language world-knowledge integration? and (2) what is the…
Descriptors: Verbs, Language Usage, Language Acquisition, Semantics
Saryazdi, Raheleh; Nuque, Joanne; Chambers, Craig G. – Cognitive Science, 2022
Redundant modifiers can facilitate referential interpretation by narrowing attention to intended referents. This is intriguing because, on traditional accounts, redundancy should impair comprehension. Little is known, however, about the effects of redundancy on older adults' comprehension. Older adults may show different patterns due to…
Descriptors: Memory, Language Processing, Age Differences, Psycholinguistics
Kotaman, Hüseyin; Arslan, Mustafa – Early Child Development and Care, 2022
The purpose of this study is to examine who young children (3-7-year-olds) would depend on for asking information, and whose information they would endorse: the one provided precise expressions which were the mathematical presentation of several measurements or the other by a person who provided relative expressions which were assistant's personal…
Descriptors: Trust (Psychology), Decision Making, Foreign Countries, Preschool Children
Wilkinson Daniel Wong Gonzales – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2024
This study examines nominal derivational affixes in a multilingual practice in the Philippines involving Hokkien, Tagalog, and English called Lánnang-uè. A feature of this practice is the systematic combination of affixes and roots (henceforth, 'system'). Certain morphological combinations (e.g. Tagalog prefixes + English root) are used frequently…
Descriptors: Language Variation, Morphemes, Morphology (Languages), Multilingualism
Balla, Arifuddin – Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 2023
The goal of this study is to examine which word order is dominant in colloquial Buginese-Indonesian, 1) to find out which word-order pattern is more acceptable between SVO and VSO, 2) to find out which word-order pattern is more acceptable between VO and OV, and 3) to find out what internal linguistic characteristics and social factors motivate…
Descriptors: Indonesian, Syntax, Interference (Language), Malayo Polynesian Languages