Student outcome data is essential for decision-making in higher education, informing choices at the student, institutional, and state levels. Within state authorization--the gatekeeping process for institutional entry, continued operation, and closure--these data support oversight, accountability, and consumer transparency. This brief summarizes the current landscape of student outcome data in reauthorization processes and examines the infrastructure for data collection and reporting. The findings in this brief are based on a nationwide inventory of state renewal and reporting processes and interviews with state regulatory staff, conducted as part of a comprehensive mixed methods study on state reauthorization. This brief also highlights an exemplar agency's practices which stand out for their comprehensiveness and integration. Recommendations are provided that offer practical steps to improve accountability and achieve better outcomes for students.