The problem-based learning (PBL) model consists of five steps: orienting students to the problem, organizing work, guiding investigations, compiling work and presenting it, and evaluating the process and results. However, many teachers have not implemented the first and second steps properly, so that the goal of developing students' critical and…

This study aims to examine the effect of the Challenge based learning model on Critical thinking skills and learning outcomes in History learning. This research type is a quasi-experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest Non-Equivalent Control Group. The population were students of class X IPA 1, X IPA 2, X IPA 3, X IPA 4 and X IPA 5 at SMA…

As the demand for business intelligence (BI) professionals continues to grow, educators need to calibrate their instruction to accommodate the demand of practitioners for specific technical skills while also providing college students with a broader foundation that includes a general understanding of BI concepts and problem-solving skills that are…

The ability to think critically in the 21st century is a skill that must be possessed by every individual. This study, uses a UbD-based problem-based learning model with a conventional learning model to see which learning model has more influence on the critical thinking ability of grade IV students in science subjects. The UbD approach was chosen…

Background: Although problem based learning has a great potential to promote learning outcomes as well as cognitive abilities, the number of previous studies investigating this potential on critical thinking, reading comprehension abilities and attitudes in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context is scarce. Also, the number of studies…

This study aimed to determine the effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) integrated Reading, Mind Mapping, and Sharing (RMS) on biological literacy and critical thinking skills in biotechnology material. This type of research is Quasi-Experimental with pre-test-post-test experiments and a control group design. The researcher conducted the research…

Education in the 21st century has experienced many advances that are adjusted to the demands of the times. Thinking skills are in high demand in the 21st century, especially critical thinking and creative thinking skills for students. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of POPBL model learning in improving critical and creative thinking…

Designing learning and teaching processes in line with technology and contemporary approaches in knowledge societies, in which the twenty-first century skills gain importance, is considered as a necessity for the development of lifelong learners. In order to train individuals equipped with higher order thinking skills such as problem-solving,…

Science education in the 21st century emphasizes the development of argumentation and critical thinking (CT) skills for socioscientific issues (SSIs), which students can also apply to any subject, such as biology. This study aimed to determine the effect of problem-based learning with metacognitive prompts (M-PBL) on students' argumentation and…

This study aimed at testing the effectiveness of an e-module based on ProblemBased Learning combined with Socratic Dialogue on the topic of environmental change in improving school students' critical thinking skills. This research was a quasi-experimental study and used a non-randomised control group, pre-test/posttest design. The sampling…

This research explores the impact of integrating smart water monitoring with internet of things (IoT) into 7th-grade science education using the problem-based learning (PBL) model. A quasi-experimental research design with a post-test-only control group is employed to compare the effectiveness of two learning groups: one using the regular PBL…

This study investigated the effectiveness of the orientation, identify, discussion, decision, and engage in behavior (OIDDE) learning model in enhancing biology learning outcomes, critical thinking, ethical attitudes, and engagement among high school students in Indonesia. Employing a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests, the…

The purpose of this study was to: (1) to determine the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) model on critical thinking skill, and (2) to determine the effect of PBL model on environmental attitude. This study used a quasi-experiment model with a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects of this study were students of Social Sciences…

Various similar primary studies report varying impacts of applying blended problem-based learning (Blended PBL) in improving students' 21st-century skills. This study aims to group similar studies on the effect of blended PBL on students' 21st-century skills in science learning through meta-analysis. In addition, studies were analyzed on…

In the contemporary society, it is important to cultivate students' visual literacy. However, there has been a lack of sufficient training for students to improve their visual literacy in the classroom. A problem-posing approach (Visual Thinking Strategy, VTS, a learning strategy with question sequences to facilitate critical inquiry) has been…