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Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B. – Psychological Review, 2012
Both adults and young children possess powerful statistical computation capabilities--they can infer the referent of a word from highly ambiguous contexts involving many words and many referents by aggregating cross-situational statistical information across contexts. This ability has been explained by models of hypothesis testing and by models of…
Descriptors: Testing, Associative Learning, Hypothesis Testing, Adults
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Schmitt, Norbert; Ng, Janice Wun Ching; Garras, John – Language Testing, 2011
Although the Word Associates Format (WAF) is becoming more frequently used as a depth-of-knowledge measure, relatively little validation has been carried out on it. This report of two validation studies tackles various important WAF issues yet to be satisfactorily resolved. Study 1 conducted introspective interviews regarding students' WAF…
Descriptors: Scoring, Vocabulary Development, Associative Learning, Validity