Kulick and Wright concluded, based on theoretical mathematical simulations of hypothetical student exam scores, that assigning exam grades to students based on the relative position of their exam performance scores within a normal curve may be unfair, given the role that randomness plays in any given student's performance on any given exam.…

Marascuilo (1966) proposes a chi square analog of Scheffe's multiple comparisons procedure. With respect to pairwise comparisons among k independent correlation coefficients, a multiple range procedure will produce lower critical values than the corresponding chi square values, thereby increasing the power of the resulting tests. Basis of the…

Various indices for measuring agreement among several raters on the presence or absence of a trait can be interpreted as intraclass correlation coefficients. Such a reformulation clarifies the relationships among the measures, simplifies the computations involved, and permits simple significance tests to be carried out. An illustrative example is…

Sixteen tables are presented for critical values of the larger of two sample correlation coefficients from two independent samples, given the sample size and the value of the smaller correlation. These tables allow quick assessment of significance without requiring calculation of the test statistic. (SLD)

A generalized measure of association and an associated test of significance are presented for nominal independent variables in which any number or combination of interval, ordinal, or nominal dependent variables can be analyzed. A permutation test of significance is provided for the new measure. (SLD)

Common applications of the part correlation coefficient are in causal regression models and estimation of suppressor variable effects. However, there is no statistical test of the significance of the difference between a zero-order correlation and a part correlation, nor between a pair of part correlations. Hotelling's t is used for contrasting:…

The strategy for investigating convergent and discriminant test validity, known as the multitrait-multimethod matrix, is investigated. A nonparametric significance testing procedure is suggested and demonstrated. (JKS)

Large sample chi-square tests of the significance of the difference between two correlated kappas, weighted or unweighted, are derived. Cases are presented with one judge in common between the two kappas and no judge in common. An illustrative calculation is included. (Author/SLD)

The contribution of individual variables to overall multivariate significance in a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is investigated using a combination of canonical discriminant analysis and Roy-Bose simultaneous confidence intervals. Difficulties with this procedure are discussed, and its advantages are illustrated using examples based…

The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate the appropriateness of several tests of significance for use with interrupted time series data. The second purpose was to determine what effect the violation of the assumption of uncorrelated error would have on the three tests of significance. The three tests were the Mood test,…

A new coefficient--psi-star--is presented for measuring agreement on bidirectional response continua. The coefficient is designed to measure agreement in larger square contingency tables with even numbers of rows and columns. Advantages of the procedure are discussed. (SLD)

An equation was derived to determine the relationship between the pooled within-subgroup r (correlation coefficient) and the r obtained from the total group data. It was, thus, possible to assess the amount of distortion introduced by pooling heterogeneous subgroups. As a basis for deciding whether to pool two subgroups in order to calculate a…

The mean and variance of the statistic psi-star, which is useful for measuring agreement between two raters and allows for tests of significance in the case of large samples, are considered. Results may also be applied for the "G" index of J. W. Holley and J. P. Guilford (1964). (SLD)

The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between the unreliability of difference scores and the power of tests of significance in an attempt to determine the validity of the paradox for the measurement of change presented by Overall and Woodward: that the power of tests of significance is maximum when the reliability of the…

Methods exist for testing the homogeneity of group regression for the case in which there is only one predictor. Studies which have investigated aptitude-treatment interactions have adopted the homogeneity of regressions test as standard methodology for assessing the difference in regression slopes across treatments. Additional statistical…