We review common situations in Bayesian latent variable models where the prior distribution that a researcher specifies differs from the prior distribution used during estimation. These situations can arise from the positive definite requirement on correlation matrices, from sign indeterminacy of factor loadings, and from order constraints on…

This article examines the relationship between emotional intelligence and ethical leadership competencies among university students. The research hypothesis was that emotional intelligence correlates positively with the exercise of good leadership. To this aim, a study was carried out with 1101 university students from Chile, Mexico and Spain who…

Learning is a continuous process involving teachers, students, materials, and the environment to achieve specific goals. One important aspect of learning is the use of learning media. This study develops a learning media in the form of a magazine on the human circulatory system and an inventory of antihypertensive medicinal plants in Sari Makmur…

When fitting unidimensional item response theory (IRT) models, the population distribution of the latent trait ([theta]) is often assumed to be normally distributed. However, some psychological theories would suggest a nonnormal [theta]. For example, some clinical traits (e.g., alcoholism, depression) are believed to follow a positively skewed…

The emergence of new media technologies has empowered individuals to not merely consume but also create, share and critique media contents. Such activities are dependent on new media literacy (NML) necessary for living and working in the participatory culture of the twenty-first century. Although a burgeoning body of research has focused on the…

The study revisited the community of inquiry (CoI) instrument for construct revalidation. To that end, the study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine four competing models (unidimensional, correlated-factor, second-order factor, and bifactor models) on model fit statistics computed using parameter estimates from a statistical…

The present research examined the perceived teachers' charismatic leadership and entrepreneurial intentions of college students. Based on the theory of emotional contagion, this study proposes a mediating model of entrepreneurial passion between college students' perception of teachers' charismatic leadership and entrepreneurial intentions. A…

Many psychometric measures yield data that are compatible with (a) an essentially unidimensional factor analysis solution and (b) a correlated-factor solution. Deciding which of these structures is the most appropriate and useful is of considerable importance, and various procedures have been proposed to help in this decision. The only fully…

Background: The reciprocal internal/external frame of reference (RI/E) combines two models of academic self-concept formation, namely the reciprocal effects model (REM) and the internal/external frame of reference (I/E) model. The REM assumes reciprocal relations between achievement and academic self-concept. The I/E model assumes contrast effects…

IELTS is a widely accepted English language proficiency test, required for academic and professional purposes. In this study, we examined the relationship between IELTS and the English proficiency skills of international students. We developed a proximal mediation model based on Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism theory and tested it using…

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to integrate the prediction from entrepreneurship education with the theory of planned behaviors (TPB) to build a conceptual framework and estimate the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention over and above key predictors from an extended TPB model. Also, the moderating impacts of…

This paper demonstrated how to apply Machine Learning (ML) techniques to analyze student interaction data collected in an online mathematics game. Using a data-driven approach, we examined 1) how different ML algorithms influenced the precision of middle-school students' (N = 359) performance (i.e. posttest math knowledge scores) prediction and 2)…

This study aimed to investigate the relationships among computational thinking (CT) skills, science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) attitude, and thinking styles with the help of structural equation modeling and to determine to what extent the variables of STEM attitude and thinking styles explained CT skills. The study, conducted…

Background: Research on teaching and learning for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects has increased, and has demonstrated the importance of integrating interdisciplinary knowledge and skills. Our research model was based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the data were analyzed by partial least…

This research aimed at creating a structural model of the indicators of Educational Leadership for Primary School Principals in Thailand, which is considered to be a theoretical model that has been used to test for coherence with the empirical data collected from a sample group of 580 participants, who were selected from 30,719 Primary School…