Grit is among the individual difference (ID) variables that have recently come to the attention of researchers investigating second language acquisition. While some empirical evidence has been accumulated, it is clearly scant and limited, also because of the fact that many studies have looked into domain-general grit rather than this attribute as…

This study examines relationships among several variables within the context of online learning in higher education including self-regulated effort, maintained situational interest, gender differences, and age-related factors. Analyzing data from a diverse Open Cyber University of Korea student sample, the research highlights a positive…

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of university sports environment perception on academic motivation. A total of 206 students studying at various faculties of Bayburt University participated in the research. In the study, the "Personal Information Form" created by the researchers to determine the demographic information of…

In this paper, we investigate the learning experiences, beliefs and motivations of students in classes where the mathematics teachers have received support for using inquiry-based learning activities. Data were collected from 248 students in the age-range 11-16 using electronic questionnaires. Our results show that key features of inquiry-based…

Metacognition and curiosity play an important role in the educational process. Therefore, it is significant to examine their correlation with students' performance and satisfaction with classes. In order to examine whether the effect of metacognition and curiosity on physics performance and satisfaction with physics classes depends on gender, a…

Research into second language acquisition (SLA) has shown that individual difference (ID) variables can be strong predictors of language achievement (e.g., Dornyei, 2003; Skehan, 2003). Traditionally, this research conceptualized ID variables as static and monolithic variables (e.g., Dornyei, 2010). More recently scholars have questioned this…

Use of digital learning tools (DLTs) in classrooms has markedly increased since the COVID-19 pandemic began. Concerns exist that some DLTs were integrated without careful consideration of their impacts on student motivation to learn and/or academic achievement. Moreover, differences in student demographic profiles and the learning environment may…

Online learning as an emerging learning method has a significant impact on education, which cannot be ignored. This article explores the relationship between engagement (including cognition, behavior and emotion), motivation, environment, and college students' concentration in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 889 college…

In an ever-changing world, it is impossible for individuals to acquire all existing knowledge, just as it is challenging to predict which knowledge will be necessary for the future. The critical factor here is to concretize or make raw knowledge useful. Therefore, it has become imperative to develop students' abilities to analyze and utilize…

Background: Negative outcomes of peer dislike may be especially severe in early adolescence, when peers play a crucial role in individual adjustment. However, it remains unclear whether peer dislike predicts later emotional and motivational aspects of school adjustment, and if the negative outcomes are more pronounced in certain gender contexts.…

In this paper, we use dimensions of the construct "science identity" as an analytic lens to tap into the motivation and learning of science center visits. This exploratory empirical study was based on a large international dataset drawn from 10 science centers in countries across Europe, Asia, and North America, to investigate the…

Introduction: There is growing interest in the developmental consequences of extracurricular activities. While past research has mostly focused on the direct effect of extracurricular activities on outcomes (Farb and Matjasko 2012; Marsh and Kleitman 2002), the current study used a Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework to test a serial…

This study aims to present the psychometric properties of the Polish language version of the Mathematical Resilience Scale (MRS; Kooken et al., 2016), established in a sample of 443 adults. We confirmed the first-order three-factor structure (Value, Struggle, Growth) with the second-order factor (Total Mathematical Resilience) of the MRS and its…

This study explores Tibetan students' L2 and L3 motivational systems and their interactions based on the framework of the L2 Motivational Self-System proposed by Dörnyei. Five hundred fifty-two participants were invited to respond to a questionnaire regarding their Chinese (L2) and English (L3) motivational selves, learning experiences and…

Background: The reciprocal internal/external frame of reference (RI/E) combines two models of academic self-concept formation, namely the reciprocal effects model (REM) and the internal/external frame of reference (I/E) model. The REM assumes reciprocal relations between achievement and academic self-concept. The I/E model assumes contrast effects…