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Direct linkDing, Lin – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2018
This study examines progression trends of Chinese students' scientific reasoning skills across grade levels from elementary school to university. A large-scale survey using the Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning (CTSR) was conducted with 2669 Chinese students at 13 grade levels (grades 4-16). The construct validity of the CTSR was first…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Thinking Skills, Skill Development, Elementary School Students
Marshall, Jeff C.; Horton, Robert; Igo, Brent L.; Switzer, Deborah M. – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2009
A survey instrument was developed and administered to 1,222 K-12 mathematics and science teachers to measure their beliefs about and use of inquiry in the classroom. Four variables (grade level taught, content area taught, level of support received, and self-efficacy for teaching inquiry) were significantly correlated to two dependent variables,…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Time Factors (Learning), Science Teachers, Mathematics Teachers
