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Emily J. M. Ciesielski – ProQuest LLC, 2020
Executive function (EF) is a term used to describe the processes responsible for purposeful, goal-directed behavior and has been described as the "air traffic controller" or "CEO" of the brain. EFs are an important factor in overall quality of life, including school and job success. EFs are measured predominately through two…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Performance Based Assessment, Academic Achievement, Rating Scales
Directly Assessed and Adult-Reported Executive Functions: Associations with Academic Skills in Ghana
Ishita Ahmed; Lily Steyer; Noelle M Suntheimer; Sharon Wolf; Jelena Obradovic – Grantee Submission, 2022
Extant work on the importance of children's executive function (EF) for academic skills typically employs either direct assessments of EF skills or adult reports of children's EF behaviors. Each approach has advantages, yet few studies have examined how different EF measurement approaches distinctly relate to child outcomes. We examined how direct…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Executive Function, Academic Ability, Performance Based Assessment
Ansari, Arya; Gottfried, Michael A. – Child Development, 2021
Nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Class of 2011 (n = 14,370) were used to examine the grade-level and cumulative outcomes of school absenteeism between kindergarten and fifth grade for students' school performance in the United States. Students who were more frequently absent in any year of…
Descriptors: Attendance, Kindergarten, Grade 1, Grade 2
Ahmed, Sammy F.; Kuhfeld, Megan; Watts, Tyler W.; Davis-Kean, Pamela E.; Vandell, Deborah Lowe – Developmental Psychology, 2021
The present study examined longitudinal associations between preschoolers' executive function (EF) and adult educational attainment, impulse control, and general health directly and through its cascading effects on childhood and adolescent EF using a large, national, and prospective longitudinal sample of participants. Data were drawn from the…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Executive Function, Adults, Educational Attainment
Usai, Maria Carmen; Viterbori, Paola; Traverso, Laura – Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 2018
This longitudinal study aimed to identify specific executive function (EF) profiles in 5-year-old children and to examine the association between these profiles and later math achievement. Six EF measures were administered to 175 children who were then tested in Grades 1 and 3 on math tasks. Using a cluster analysis, four EF profiles were…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Mathematics Instruction, Grade 1, Grade 3
Gerst, Elyssa H.; Cirino, Paul T.; Macdonald, Kelly T.; Miciak, Jeremy; Yoshida, Hanako; Woods, Steven P.; Gibbs, M. Cullen – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
The present study had two aims. First, we set out to evaluate the structure of processing speed in children by comparing five alternative models: two conceptual models (a unitary model, a complexity model) and three methodological models (a stimulus material model, an output response model, and a timing modality model). Second, we then used the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Reading Processes, Comparative Analysis, Predictor Variables
Votruba-Drzal, Elizabeth; Miller, Portia; Betancur, Laura; Spielvogel, Bryn; Kruzik, Claudia; Coley, Rebekah Levine – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2021
Income disparities in children's academic and behavioral skills have grown larger over the past 50 years. At the same time, economic segregation across communities has increased, raising questions regarding the role of community factors in explaining income gaps in children's functioning. Combining geospatial data with longitudinal survey data…
Descriptors: Family Income, Family Characteristics, Community Characteristics, Neighborhoods
Swanson, H. Lee; Kong, Jennifer; Petcu, Stefania – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 2018
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine those components of working memory (WM) that play a significant role in predicting math growth in children who are English language learners (N = 157) with serious math difficulties (MD). Method: A battery of tests was administered in English and Spanish that assessed computation, reading,…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Short Term Memory, Mathematics Skills, Prediction
Price, Gavin R.; Eric, Wilkey D. – Grantee Submission, 2017
Recent studies suggest that the relation between nonsymbolic magnitude processing skills and math competence is mediated by symbolic number processing. However, less is known about whether mapping between nonsymbolic and symbolic magnitude representations also mediates that relation, and whether the mediating role of symbolic number processing is…
Descriptors: Mathematics Skills, Symbols (Mathematics), Cognitive Processes, Executive Function
Korzeniowski, C.; Cupani, M.; Ison, M.; Difabio, H. – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2016
Introduction: This study aims at analyzing whether EFs may predict the SP of children from different low socioeconomic strata, having controlled the effects of age and socioeconomic status (SES). Method: The sample included 178 Argentine children of both genders (52% boys), between 6 and 10 years of age, belonging to the upper-low SES (41%),…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Poverty, Foreign Countries, Academic Achievement
Costa, Lara-Jeane C.; Edwards, Crystal N.; Hooper, Stephen R. – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2016
This longitudinal study was conducted to determine (a) the rate of co-occurrence of reading disabilities (RDs) in a writing disability (WD) population of students followed from first grade to fourth grade and (b) the cognitive burden that is assumed by having a WD and a RD (WD + RD). The sample included 137 first-grade students from a single…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Writing Difficulties, Reading Difficulties, Multiple Disabilities
Swanson, H. Lee; Fung, Wenson – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
This study determined the working memory (WM) components (executive, phonological short-term memory [STM], and visual-spatial sketchpad) that best predicted mathematical word problem-solving accuracy in elementary schoolchildren (N = 392). The battery of tests administered to assess mediators between WM and problem-solving included measures of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Problem Solving, Accuracy, Phonology
Agoston, Anna M.; Rudolph, Karen D. – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2016
Exposure to peer stress contributes to adolescent depression, yet not all youth experience these effects. Thus, it is important to identify individual differences that shape the consequences of peer stress. This research investigated the interactive contribution of cumulative peer stress during childhood (second-fifth grades) and executive…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Executive Function, Depression (Psychology), Questionnaires
Campos, Isabel S.; Almeida, Leandro S.; Ferreira, Aristides I.; Martinez, Luis F.; Ramalho, Gloria – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2013
The present study aims to examine the relationship between cognitive factors and mathematical achievement in primary education. Participants were 103 Portuguese third grade students, aged 8 and 9. All participants completed a battery for working memory (WMTB-C), a test of general intelligence (Raven's Progressive Color Matrices), a selective…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Attention, Mathematics Instruction, Grade 3
Swanson, H. Lee; Orosco, Michael J.; Kudo, Milagros – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
This cohort-sequential study explored the components of working memory (WM) that underlie second language (L2) reading growth in 450 children at risk and not at risk for reading disabilities (RD) whose first language is Spanish. English language learners designated as balanced and nonbalanced bilinguals with and without risk for RD in Grades 1, 2,…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Bilingualism, Reading Difficulties, Spanish Speaking
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