Online collaborative argumentations need instructional support to ensure social interactions and in-depth cognitive engagement. It is known that graphic organizers assist in comprehending information and negotiating meanings for individual and collective tasks. This study intends to compare the effects of different graphic organizers in…

Approximately 10% of learners complete Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs); the absence of peer and professor support contributes to retention issues. MOOC leaders often form groups to supplement in-course forums and Q&A sessions, and students participating in groups find them valuable. Instructors want to assist in the formation of groups,…