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Direct linkKate M. Xu; Lijia Lin; Margareta Gorter; Sascha Schneider; Joshua Weidlich; Robert O. Davis; Karel Kreijns; Renate de Groot – British Journal of Educational Technology, 2026
Social presence has been hypothesized to facilitate successful learning in digital and online learning environments. Instructor presence in instructional videos is suggested to enhance learners' social presence. However, research is still relatively rare regarding the elementary school learner population. The current experimental study…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Student Participation, Electronic Learning, Video Technology
