Answers and examples are given to sixteen questions related to traditional ways of performing the operations of arithmetic. (MP)

Early calculating methods and devices are discussed. These include finger products, the abacus, ancient multiplication algorithms, Napier's bones, and monograms. (MP)

The relative effectiveness of three methods of teaching fraction computation in the context of the community college was investigated. The use of calculators was a special focus of the study. The three methods were: (1) conventional algorithms with no calculator, (2) conventional algorithms with calculator, and (3) alternative algorithms using…

An algorithm for long division is presented that involves only addition and subtraction. (MP)

Using negative digits in writing numerals and in calculation is explained. This is the second article in the series; for the first, see Vol. 1, No. 7, Nov., 1972, pp. 8-9. (DT)

The use of the calculator is suggested in teaching algorithms for the four basic operations, in place of any difficult standard algorithm. (MP)

The major portion of the article establishes the basis for the stated rule - to divide by a fraction, turn it upside down and multiply. With this background, three justifications for the rule are given. Several possible errors in students' use of the rule are noted. (LS)

The arithmetic needed for complex calculation using an electronic calculator is explained and exemplified. Problems involving square roots, number theory, Fibonacci numbers, and electrical resistances are solved. (SD)

Allowing students to examine different ways of performing an operation is suggested as a means of increasing their understanding. (MP)

Shortcuts to use when performing operations with the calculator are given. Algorithms discussed include reciprocals, powers, parentheses, infinite series, and synthetic division. (MP)

A straight forward process for working in fractions on any calculator is presented. The method involves converting a decimal back into a fraction in its lowest terms. (MN)

In this first of two articles, computational algorithms for multiplication and division which encourage use of one operation at a time are proposed. (DT)

The calculator is used to explore the distributive property of a unary operator over a binary operator. This is an extension of an earlier paper. The emphasis is on student discovery of the property for various combinations of the operators. Instructional material contained in the report include a reference sheet of questions for potential…