Comparing regression coefficients between models when one model is nested within another is of great practical interest when two explanations of a given phenomenon are specified as linear models. The statistical problem is whether the coefficients associated with a given set of covariates change significantly when other covariates are added into…

This article presents a method for assessing the internal consistency of scales that works equally well with short and long scales, namely, the average proportional distance. The method provides information on the average distance between item scores for a particular scale. In this article, we sought to demonstrate how this relatively simple…