Vocabulary is an indispensable part of language and it is of vital importance for second language learners. Wilkins (1972) points out: "without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed." Vocabulary teaching has experienced several stages characterized by grammatical-translation method, audio-lingual…

As language instruction has focused on communicative competence, pronunciation has become neglected, as if it would disturb the harmony of the language curriculum. Although the principle of the new curriculum emphasis is sound, the problem of maintaining pronunciation's place remains. Suggestions are given for teaching pronunciation in this…

Problems related to the structure of the mental lexicon are considered. The single access assumption, the passive memory assumption, and the heterogeneous memory assumption are rejected in favor of the theory which assumes several active memories, each able to store expression based on only one homogenous set of abstract primitives. One lexicon…