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Direct linkMahmud, Rafsan – Asia Pacific Education Review, 2021
Privatization, marketization, investment, and competition of education have become a global phenomenon with significant implications. While research on demand and patterns of shadow education are increasingly available across the world, very little is known about the scope of parents' investments, family burden, and students' workload. This paper…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Private Education, Tutoring, Family Involvement
Download full textHohman, James M.; Imhoff, Eric R. – Mackinac Center for Public Policy, 2009
With Michigan's public school districts facing a decline in per-pupil funding, more districts are contracting out for at least one of the three major school support services--food, custodial and transportation--than ever before. This year's survey of school districts found that 44.6 percent of all Michigan school districts contract out for at…
Descriptors: Economic Climate, Counties, Unions, State Legislation
