As part of an analysis of the value of synthetic (simulated) training in the U.S. Army Aviation School, costs associated with the conduct of flight and synthetic training in the instrument phase of the Army's Officer/Warrant Officer Rotary Wing Aviator Course (helicopter operation) were identified and computed separately for each type of training.…

Fourteen high school students, chosen at random from a group of 28, spent 5 hours participating in a business simulation, after which all 28 students took tests designed to measure their knowledge of business facts and concepts and their ability to evaluate business decisions. The simulation group outperformed the control group on both tests, but…

This paper describes and illustrates the use of a recently developed management simulation-information model, suggesting it as one possible step toward partial solution of two longstanding concerns in educational administration. These problems are (1) the myopic and parochial "problems" view of education and (2) the schism between professor and…

The study focuses upon preparation programs of graduate students who aspire to become school principals. The design of the study is experimental with differing curriculum patterns for the principalship being the independent variable and potential placement of candidates the dependent variable. The method employed is unique inasmuch as controlled…

This study examined the sampling distribution of the analysis of variance F ratio in the two sample cases when it followed a preliminary test for variance equality. When the population variances were equal, the sampling distribution approximated the theoretical F distribution quite well, but not when population variances differed. (JAZ)

This paper develops and applies three nonparametric comparisons of the shapes of two item characteristic surfaces: (1) proportional latent odds; (2) uniform relative difficulty; and (3) item sensitivity. A method is presented for comparing the relative shapes of two item characteristic curves in two examinee populations who were administered an…

Details of a reasonably precise normalization technique for coefficient alpha are outlined, along with methods for estimating the variance of the normalized statistic. These procedures lead to the K-sample significance test. (RC)

Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses are conducted to investigate how items function in various subgroups. The Mantel-Haenszel (MH) DIF statistic is used at the Law School Admission Council and other testing companies. When item functioning can be well-described in terms of a one- or two-parameter logistic item response theory (IRT) model…

Reports on results of a simulated job experience exercise given to several thousand elementary school principals at a 1970 NAESP annual meeting. The results are presented and compared by sex, geographic region, school size, and city size. (DN)

Students were taught pelvic examination methods either by use of an inanimate model or use of the model and examination of volunteer gynecological teaching associates (GTAs). Students in the latter group were superior in communication and manual skills, and scored better on recognizing deviant pelvic anatomy. (MSE)

Describes Nelson and Mitroff's concept of "Bothsides" thinking and a replication of their experiment to determine whether it is possible to promote this type of thinking in decision-making by using an adequate stimulus and, if so, to find out what an adequate stimulus is. A reference list is included. (JL)

There are a variety of formulas for reducing the positive bias which occurs in estimating R squared in multiple regression or correlation equations. Five different formulas are evaluated in a Monte Carlo study, and recommendations are made. (JKS)

The robustness of the likelihood ratio difference statistic to the violation of a regularity condition when used to assess differences in fit provided by pairs of latent class models was investigated. Recommendations are made regarding the use of the statistic under violation of the regularity condition. (SLD)

Examines two methods of conducting an employment interviewing training exercise for interviewees. Compares instructor-facilitated and peer-facilitated exercises specifically. Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each. Concludes that instructor-facilitated training was preferred over peer-facilitated training, and suggests directions for…

Contrasts modeling methods in control theory to the methods of statistical generalizations in empirical studies of human or animal behavior. Presents a computer simulation that predicts behavior based on variables (effort and rewards) determined by the invariable (desired reward). Argues that control theory methods better reflect relationships to…