This study examined the trajectories of delinquency among Puerto Rican children and adolescents in two cultural contexts. Relying on data from the Boricua Youth Study, a longitudinal study of children and youth from Bronx, New York, and San Juan, Puerto Rico, a group-based trajectory procedure estimated the number of delinquency trajectories,…

Several studies have been conducted related to dropouts from on-campus and distance education courses. However, no clear definition of dropout from academic courses was provided. Consequently, this study proposes a clear and precise definition of dropout from academic courses in the context of e-learning courses. Additionally, it is documented in…

The major finding of the study was that both male and female students, regardless of their locus of control, gained more on the achievement measure under internal teachers than under external teachers. (Author)

A study was conducted to compare the locus of control of developmental studies, graduate, and undergraduate students enrolled in a four-year institution in the University System of Georgia. The study utilized Rotter's Internal-External locus of control scale which differentiates individuals on the basis of the person's perceptions that outcomes in…

Sex differences in the correlations between Rotter's Internal-External (I-E) Control of Reinforcement Scale and the Omnibus Personality Inventory (OPI) are predicted, based on a theoretical expectation of a relationship between I-E and adjustment, and previous research. Both tests were administered to 140 male and 130 female college freshmen.…

Cognitive style research is hindered by a variety of poorly described measures and style classifications and the use of small samples. This study describes and compares three measures of three postulated dimensions of cognitive style: impulsivity/reflectivity; internal/external locus of control; and field dependence/field independence to determine…

It was found that from second to third generation, Mexican American children increasingly approach Anglo American norms with respect to field independence, reading achievement, and math achievement. Opposite trends were obtained with respect to self esteem; no significant effects were found with regard to locus of control. (Author/AM)

The results of this study, taken together and compared with data from previous studies, suggest that the locus of control variable may be tapping some basic psychological dimension common to both Chinese and American cultures. (Author/AM)

Hypothesized that a too early first birth has negative psychological consequences for the mother through a lowered sense of personal efficacy. Results indicated that having a first birth before age 19 reduces personal efficacy, regardless of original differences in personal efficacy, age, education, or parental socioeconomic status. (Author/RC)

Rotter's locus of control scale was administered as part of a longitudinal survey of high school boys. Personal control and world control attitudes significantly related to school and social functioning, self-attitudes, and parental relationships. (Author/DB)

The Unusual Uses subtest of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking and the Rotter Social Reaction Inventory were administered to 168 graduate students. Internals were found to have significantly higher scores on the flexibility and originality measures, while the externals had significantly higher elaboration scores. (Author)

Positive self-concept correlated with belief in one's internal locus of desired control. Examining only institutionalized subjects, the first study found this relationship to be prominent for male subjects. In the second study, comparing institutionalized and noninstitutionalized elderly, this relationship was again most prominent for…

Data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of 1979 and 1980 were analyzed: (1) to determine whether the meaning of locus of control differed among different groups (Hispanics versus whites, males versus females, those with low versus those with high socioeconomic status, and civilians versus those in the military); (2) to examine relationships…

This study demonstrated the efficacy of a Likert format in contrast to two choice formats in eliciting a more normal distribution of internal-external locus of control responses in a highly variable lower class university sample. The revised Likert format, in contrast to the original, collaborated other research evidence suggesting a multifactor…

The relationship between field-dependence and cultural biases towards control and discipline practices was explored. It was hypothesized that the strict control practices described for the Cuban culture would foster greater field-dependence in their adolescents than would the practice of a U. S. born group. Seventy-two Cuban and U. S. born…