Six children with cerebral palsy and severe speech impairment took part in a two-phase longitudinal study of development of social cognition. The children ranged in age from 5 to 7 years old at data collection time 1 and from nine to 11 years old at data collection time 2. Using a model of normal development of Theory of Mind (ToM) suggested by…

In this paper we interrelate different theories of identity and describe how various social contexts and cognitive motives influence the process of identity change. We consider two competing theories about the linkage of contexts with motives for identity change: the effect of category traits, based on social identity theory, and the effect of…

The purpose of the "International Civic and Citizenship Education Study" (ICCS) is to investigate the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a range of countries. The study will report on student achievement on a test of conceptual understandings and competencies in civic and citizenship education. It will…

Children identified as having emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) may have different out-of-home care placements than their peers without EBD. This study compared the factors influencing placement movements for 362 children with EBD and 363 children without EBD, using clinical "Child Behavior Checklist" (CBCL) scores at baseline…

Education, it seems, is increasingly driven by the numbers. Whether it is measuring student performance or a school district's ability to balance the books, one will find data out there about it. So much data, in fact, that it is difficult to sort through all the numbers to get the needed information. This article describes California's Ed-Data…

Objective: It is widely presumed that when children are hit by peers or siblings, it is not as serious as similar acts between adults or older youth, which would be termed, "assaults" and "violent crimes". The goal of this study was to compare the violent peer and sibling episodes of younger children to those of older youth in terms of their…

Q-technique factor analysis identifies clusters or factors of people, rather than of variables, and has proven very popular, especially with regard to testing typology theories. The present study investigated the utility of three different protocols for obtaining data for Q-technique studies. These three protocols were: (1) a conventional ipsative…

Compares two basic variants of the sorting method: single-sort and multiple sort. The nature of individual differences in sorting, as well as sex differences, were also investigated. Stimulus materials were the 15 mutually exclusive kinship terms selected by Wallace and Atkins (1960). (RC)

The Education Data Improvement Project of the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) is described. The conceptual framework that guided its implementation is presented. The Education Data Improvement Project was designed to promote and facilitate the reform and refinement of the Center for Education Statistics (CES) national elementary and…

This paper describes the rationale for the Defining Issues Test (DIT), an objective test of moral judgment which attempts to improve upon three aspects of Kohlberg's research: data collection, categorization of moral judgments (the scoring system), and method of indexing a subject's progress in a developmental sequence. In each case, the way in…

THIS INVESTIGATION WAS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE DATA ABOUT THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL-POLITICAL ACTION LEADERS AT ONE UNIVERSITY AND TO COMPARE THOSE CHARACTERISTICS WITH OTHER TYPES OR CATEGORIES OF STUDENT LEADERS. NINE RESEARCH HYPOTHESES IN NULL FORM WERE FORMULATED TO FACILITATE STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF THE DATA. FROM A TOTAL OF 559 ELECTED…

Key findings are presented from a survey conducted by the California Research Bureau showing that most California school districts incorporate violence prevention program curricula with a strong police and security presence. Many schools have installed closed circuit video surveillance cameras, canine searches, and metal detectors. Unfortunately,…

The two problems examined were the effect of observers in the typical classroom and the possibility of regional bias in local observers' data. (LN)

Effects of sex and birth order on interactions between mothers and their six-month-old infants (matched in social class, infant's birth order, and sex) were studied using different sequential behavioral analyses. Results for each method are discussed. (Author/AEF)

Various aspects of the institutional evaluation process are discussed including: pitfalls to avoid, choice of indicators, audience, accountability, futures research, technological change, program termination, data sources, longitudinal data, political aspects, advertising, marketing, and internal v external evaluators. (Author/SF)