Two types of educational programs for young children were examined, the formal based on Ausebel's learning theory and the open-framework based on Piaget's theory of intellectual development. The formal program resulted in improved performance on both classification and conservation tasks. (MF)

Conventional methods used for the presentation of pre- and post statistical information generally are deficient in economy and compactness and fail to show internal movement from pre- to posttest. This technique precludes these shortcomings through the presentation of information in a highly visible manner which reveals the strata of internal…

College juniors (N=28) tested two versions of the Marshall Flotation Technique to obtain consistency of descriptive comments in rating themes compared with number and letter grades. High reliability estimates for all four pre and post-test groups and a significant decline from pre to post groups in number of comments resulted. (Author)

THREE GROUPS OF DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN WERE ESTABLISHED IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT ON ACHIEVEMENT OF PROVIDING SOME CHILDREN WITH A PRESCHOOL PROGRAM AND SOME CHILDREN WITH NO SUCH PROGRAM. AN EXPERIMENTAL GROUP OF HEAD START CHILDREN WERE MATCHED ACCORDING TO SEX, RACE, GENERAL LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE, AND PARENT'S OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL WITH A…

Seventh grade students (N=9) from a small rural school in Ridgway, Colorado were exposed to a teacher-developed individualized program in modern math during the 1962-63 school year and again the following year. The students were divided into an average and above group and a below average group; group assignments were determined by IQ scores, the…

A study assessed the validity of the hypothesis that offshore drilling personnel would independently study important material if they knew that they would eventually receive formal training on the topic covered in the material. Eighty-one crew members on an offshore drilling rig were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Those in…

Evaluates the Ginn Reading 360 Programme, which is based on the premise that real reading is comprised of four essential parts: decoding, understanding the written message, critically evaluating that message, and incorporating the writer's ideas into one's own thinking and actions. A comparative study of the reading skills of a group of third…

The problem of the appropriate comparison group for bereavement studies is discussed. The use of the retrospective pretest design is illustrated through a longitudinal study of bereavement outcome following pregnancy loss, involving 138 bereaved women and a comparison group of 215 currently pregnant women. (SLD)

The measurement of change in quasi-experimental educational research was discussed. Problems related to measuring change exist to varying degrees in all research designs; these issues are less troublesome in experimental studies because the investigator can manipulate the interest variables and observe their effects on other variables. Measuring…

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF (1) LECTURE PRESENTATIONS, (2) LINEAR PROGRAM USE IN CLASS WITH AND WITHOUT DISCUSSION, AND (3) LINEAR PROGRAMS USED OUTSIDE OF CLASS WITH INCLASS PROBLEMS OR DISCUSSION. THE 126 COLLEGE STUDENTS ENROLLED IN A BACTERIOLOGY COURSE WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO THREE GROUPS. IN A SUCCEEDING…

An overall analysis is made of the impact of Grade 3 Title I reading programs in the State of Michigan. An attempt is made to estimate the effectiveness of particular reading programs for low-scoring, middle-scoring, and high-scoring pupils for the purpose of identifying exemplary programs. In addition, a rank ordering of the various programs…

A study evaluated the effectiveness of pretesting infantry soldiers scheduled to take written Skill Qualification Tests (SQT) in order to determine their training needs prior to official testing. During the study, researchers developed and field-tested a pretest for the SQT that was based on the 11B1 Infantryman Soldier's Manual and the 1980 SQT…

Hypothesizing that students who were given the opportunity to choose their learning activities in a residential outdoor education school (Stone Valley, Pennsylvania) would more readily attain the behavioral objectives of those activities, 68 fifth grade students participating in a four-day residential outdoor education program were divided into a…

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the ef"ects of direct-detailed and directed discovery laboratory methods on selected behavior characteristics of college students during a 3-week period. The 120 students wer" enrolled in three sections of an electricity course under three teachers. During the first 3 weeks of the experiment, 20 students…

The experimental pilot project was conducted to determine whether students who take the laboratory phase of an engineering technology applied electricity course in a mobile laboratory at branch schools demonstrate proficiency comparable to students who take the applied electricity course in permanent facilities at the parent institution. The…