The degree to which the PCAT, SAT, grade point average, and other admission criteria can predict student academic performance in a school of pharmacy and on professional licensing examinations is assessed. The performance of pharmacy students on quantitative admission measures, academic courses and licensing examinations are analyzed and compared.…

A study of Black and White 1974 freshmen explored computing graduation predictions for admissions use. Sex, race, residency, major, high school rank, high school size, Scholastic Aptitude Test scores, and predicted grade point average were used as predictors. Correct predictions occurred for 64.5 percent of Blacks, 57.65 percent of Whites. (MSE)

Data from a longitudinal study of Jefferson Medical College graduates were analyzed to determine levels of clinical competence in the first postgraduate year and relationships between postgraduate ratings and performance during medical school. It is concluded that in a substantial number of cases good and poor performance in the first postgraduate…

Describes a study of college students that was conducted to isolate interactivity as an independent variable and test its effects upon student learning, the time required to complete the study unit, and student attitudes. Results are compared for a group using a traditional videotape and one using an interactive videotape. (five references) (LRW)

Two models are presented, which depict dropping out as a developmental process that may begin in the earliest grades. The frustration-self-esteem model focuses on school failure and student rejection of or by a school. The participation-identification model focuses on student involvement in schooling, with behavioral and emotional components. (TJH)

Compared generic tobacco use among Hispanic, White, Black, and Asian youths (N=4,980) in grades 4, 7, 10, and 12. Found prevalence of regular use was highest among Whites, followed by Hispanics, Blacks, and Asians. Marijuana, alcohol, and other drug use explained approximately 40 percent of variance in tobacco use in each ethnic group. Other…

Critiques the notion of school district efficiency and applies 1 definition to the performance of all 178 Kentucky districts. Finds that achievement test performance of inefficient districts exceeded that of efficient districts by .20 standard deviation, and that efficiency was related to smallness but not ruralness. Contains 26 references.…

Examined and compared the psychosocial predictors of a mother's decision to work and the number of hours worked in Argentina compared to the U.S. Results from 78 U.S. and 68 Argentinean women revealed that better educated, higher status U.S. women worked longer hours after childbirth than similar women in Argentina. Cultural and economic…

A study of 33-month-old children, their mothers, and their older siblings concentrated on arguments used when 2 family members were in conflict with a third. There were some direct relationships between partners' arguments. Arguments children used with their mothers differed from those they used with their siblings. (BG)

A study compared the performance of 232 Brown University (Rhode Island) medical graduates on senior-year examinations in clinical skills examinations and during residencies, as evaluated by their residency directors. Results indicated a strong correlation between the two evaluations, suggesting that the performance-based undergraduate assessments,…

Correlations between (1) Michigan school districts' expenditures, various supports, and revenues; and (2) each district's educational background, median family income, racial composition, and dropout rate were analyzed. Data used in this study were obtained from the Michigan Department of Education. (SLD)

Describes a quantitative study that examined the effectiveness of interactive video (IV) instruction by using a meta-analytic research review of the literature from 1978 to the present. Effect size as a function of study variables is examined, and test of homogeneity on effect sizes is discussed. (25 references) (LRW)

Examined relationships among parenting, sibling aggression, and peer outcomes in 8- to 10-year old boys, their siblings, and mothers. Found that siblings with more rejecting mothers were more aggressive with one another than siblings with less rejecting mothers. Boys with more aggressive sibling interactions were more likely to be nominated by…

Compared the processing of rapid auditory stimuli on two-tone auditory discrimination tasks by 7- to 11-year-olds with learning impairments (LI) and those without learning impairments (non-LI). Found that LI children committed more errors, but the effects of timing were comparable. Obtained same results with a sample of good and poor readers. Task…

Used recent longitudinal cohort of eighth graders to examine whether measures of school engagement predicted school-age pregnancy among white, black, and Hispanic teens. Found that high student engagement was associated with postponing pregnancy. Among white and Hispanic teens, dropouts were more likely than others to have school-age pregnancies.…