In social policy evaluations, the multiple testing problem occurs due to the many hypothesis tests that are typically conducted across multiple outcomes and subgroups, which can lead to spurious impact findings. This article discusses a framework for addressing this problem that balances Types I and II errors. The framework involves specifying…

One consequence of test use in the English-language teaching community is the negative washback of tests on teaching and learning. Test preparation courses are often seen as part of the more general issue of washback. IELTS and TOEFL iBT tests, focusing on communicative competence, are anticipated to have positive washback effect on how English is…

Examines the relationship between performance on two measures of fluid intelligence, one measure of crystallized intelligence, and three Piagetian measures of intelligence. Subjects were 102 first- and second-grade students. (BD)

The classification of intelligence has been a prime interest to many for over three-quarters of a century. The Wechsler scales of intelligence and the development of factor analysis have both played major roles in the shaping of psychometric thought. An examination of this joint history by means of a review of the factor analytic studies of the…

Several methods of assessing test item bias are described, and the concept of fair use of tests is examined. A test item is biased if individuals of equal ability have different probabilities of attaining the item correct. The following seven general procedures used to examine test items for bias are summarized and discussed: (1) analysis of…

This study examined efficacy of different story collection procedures with normally developing (N=10) and language disordered (N=6) preschool children. Factor analyses probed such possible interfering factors as home vs. school environments, familiarity of the story requester, coaxing cues, stimulus structure, and presence of such props as dolls…

Scores on the Prescriptive Reading Inventory, the California Achievement Tests, 1970 Edition, the the Short Form Tests of Academic Aptitude were obtained for black pupils and representative samples of pupils in grades 1-3. These scores were compared in an attempt to asses bias in the Prescriptive Reading Inventory, a criterion-referenced…

IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MONTESSORI PRESCHOOL EDUCATION AS COMPARED WITH NON-MONTESSORI PRESCHOOL EDUCATION, PHASE I OF THIS STUDY MATCHED 2 GROUPS, EACH OF 21 PRESCHOOL CHILDREN, ON INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT AND CERTAIN SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS. ONE GROUP ATTENDED A MONTESSORI PRESCHOOL AND THE OTHER A NON-MONTESSORI PRESCHOOL. THE…