Despite the fact that third parties are present during a substantial amount of face-to-face interviews, bystander influence on respondents' response behavior is not yet fully understood. We use nine waves of the German Family Panel "pairfam" and apply fixed effects panel regression models to analyze effects of third-party presence on…

The gender gap in STEM careers is shaped in part by educational choices. This study investigates two interventions--absolute performance feedback and personalized advice--aiming at narrowing the gender disparities in investments in math skills. Using an online lab experiment, participants chose between a math or verbal task after receiving one of…

The detection of differential item functioning (DIF) is important in psychological and behavioral sciences. Standard DIF detection methods perform an item-by-item test iteratively, often assuming that all items except the one under investigation are DIF-free. This article proposes a Bayesian adaptive Lasso method to detect DIF in graded response…

Previous studies suggested that social anxiety is associated with interpretation bias, theory of mind deficit, and eye gaze avoidance when identifying facial emotions. We tested the hypothesis that socially anxious individuals would be more affected by mask use during facial emotion recognition. 88 healthy undergraduates with various levels of…

The lack of diversity in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields is a vital issue that carries into the workforce. This study aims to enhance underrepresented students' learning experience and emotional engagement by replacing mathematical abstractions with physical analogues. In the context of a post-secondary STEM course,…

Test fairness is critical to the validity of group comparisons involving gender, ethnicities, culture, or treatment conditions. Detection of differential item functioning (DIF) is one component of efforts to ensure test fairness. The current study compared four treatments for items that have been identified as showing DIF: deleting, ignoring,…

There is growing support to the argument that effective use of technology in blended learning initiatives, such as gamification, can influence student retention and combat low levels of student engagement as well as improve academic performance. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a gamified mobile application (GMA)…

A majority of research in Computational Thinking (CT) mainly focuses on teaching coding to school students. However, CT involves more than just coding and includes other skills like algorithmic thinking. The current study developed an Online Inquiry-based Learning Platform for Computational Thinking (CT-ONLINQ) that follows Inquiry-Based Learning…

Research-based assessments (RBAs) allow researchers and practitioners to compare student performance across different contexts and institutions. In recent years, research attention has focused on the student populations these RBAs were initially developed with because much of that research was done with "samples of convenience" that were…

It should be noted that learning outcomes are not students' only achievement; attitude is also the main output in learning. This research explores students' attitudes toward science learning based on gender and the grade level of schools in Aceh, Indonesia. The participants are 1,023 students from the sixth grade of primary schools and the eighth…

Many studies have demonstrated that we can identify a familiar face on an image much better than an unfamiliar one, especially when various degradations or changes (e.g., image distortions or blurring, new illuminations) have been applied, but few have asked how different types of facial information from familiar faces are stored in memory. Here…

This study examined self, peer, and instructor ratings of leadership behaviors in four areas: collaboration, creativity, organization/control, and competition for 98 students in one civil engineering capstone design course. There was no significant difference between ratings of students based on gender identification within or across all three…

Purpose: Emotion classification for auditory stimuli typically employs 1 of 2 approaches (discrete categories or emotional dimensions). This work presents a new emotional speech set, compares these 2 classification methods for emotional speech stimuli, and emphasizes the need to consider the entire communication model (i.e., the talker, message,…

The current study explored the influence of three methods of parental emotion discourse (structured story-telling, reminiscing, and picture book) and their relation to preschoolers' emotion understanding. Thirty-seven families participated in the study. Analyses showed that the structured story-telling method produced more emotion words, was high…

This study deals with the meaning that musicians and non-musicians attach to two contemporary railway noise compositions as conveyed through verbal and audio-graphic responses. The purpose of this mixed-method study was twofold: (1) to examine similarities and differences between musicians and non-musicians in their responses to contemporary…