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Matthew W. Lowder; Adrian Zhou; Peter C. Gordon – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
"Hospital" can refer to a physical place or more figuratively to the people associated with it. Such place-for-institution metonyms are common in everyday language, but there remain several open questions in the literature regarding how they are processed. The goal of the current eyetracking experiments was to investigate how metonyms…
Descriptors: Semantics, Eye Movements, Ambiguity (Semantics), Language Processing
O'Donnell, Ryan E.; Wyble, Brad – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Working memory allows us to hold specific pieces of information in an active and easily retrieved state, but what happens to that information during an unexpected interruption between study and test? To answer this question, we used a surprise trial paradigm in which an unexpected event precedes a probe of the observer's memory for a search…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Comparative Analysis, Alphabets, Reading Processes
Lampe, Leonie F.; Hameau, Solène; Nickels, Lyndsey – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
This research investigated how word production is influenced by six feature-based semantic variables (number of semantic features, intercorrelational density, number of near semantic neighbors, semantic similarity, typicality, and distinctiveness). We simultaneously investigated effects of the six semantic variables on spoken picture naming in a…
Descriptors: Semantics, Naming, Pictorial Stimuli, Psycholinguistics
Labusch, Melanie; Massol, Stéphanie; Marcet, Ana; Perea, Manuel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
An often overlooked but fundamental issue for any comprehensive model of visual-word recognition is the representation of diacritical vowels: Do diacritical and nondiacritical vowels share their abstract letter representations? Recent research suggests that the answer is "yes" in languages where diacritics indicate suprasegmental…
Descriptors: Vowels, Distinctive Features (Language), French, Pronunciation
Kiefer, Markus; Harpaintner, Marcel; Rohr, Michaela; Wentura, Dirk – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Ratings of perceptual experience on a trial-by-trial basis are increasingly used in masked priming studies to assess prime awareness. It is argued that such subjective ratings more adequately capture the content of phenomenal consciousness compared to the standard objective psychophysical measures obtained in a session after the priming…
Descriptors: Priming, Semantics, Comparative Analysis, Decision Making
Hutchison, Keith A.; Moffitt, Chad C.; Hart, Katie; Hood, Audrey V. B.; Watson, Jason M.; Marchak, Frank M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
We investigated participants' task set preparation by measuring changes in pupil diameter during a blank interval as they prepared for an easy (i.e., prosaccade) or difficult (i.e., antisaccade) trial. We used occasional thought probes to gauge "on-task" thoughts versus mind wandering. In both studies, participants' pupil diameters were…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Task Analysis, Attention Control, Executive Function
Logacev, Pavel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
A number of studies have found evidence for the so-called "ambiguity advantage," that is, faster processing of ambiguous sentences compared with unambiguous counterparts. While a number of proposals regarding the mechanism underlying this phenomenon have been made, the empirical evidence so far is far from unequivocal. It is compatible…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Accuracy, Ambiguity (Semantics), Sentences
Shukla, Vishakha; Long, Madeleine; Bhatia, Vrinda; Rubio-Fernandez, Paula – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
While most research on scalar implicature has focused on the lexical scale "some" vs "all," here we investigated an understudied scale formed by two syntactic constructions: categorizations (e.g., "Wilma is a nurse") and comparisons ("Wilma is like a nurse"). An experimental study by Rubio-Fernandez et al.…
Descriptors: Cues, Pragmatics, Comparative Analysis, Syntax
Norberg, Kole A.; Perfetti, Charles; Helder, Anne – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Eye tracking and event-related potentials (ERPs) have complementary advantages in the study of reading processes. We used eye tracking to extend ERP evidence of Helder et al. (2020) that word-to-text integration at the beginnings and ends of sentences is primarily determined by local text factors (antecedents in a previous sentence) but that…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Diagnostic Tests, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Nouns
Döring, Anna-Lisa; Abdel Rahman, Rasha; Zwitserlood, Pienie; Lorenz, Antje – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
The lexical representation of compound words in speech production is still under debate. While most studies with healthy adult speakers suggest that a single lemma representation is active during compound production, data from neuropsychological studies point toward multiple representations, with activation of the compound's constituent lemmas in…
Descriptors: Naming, Pictorial Stimuli, Task Analysis, Speech Communication
Kumar, Abhilasha A.; Balota, David A.; Steyvers, Mark – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
We examined 3 different network models of representing semantic knowledge (5,018-word directed and undirected step distance networks, and an association-correlation network) to predict lexical priming effects. In Experiment 1, participants made semantic relatedness judgments for word pairs with varying path lengths. Response latencies for…
Descriptors: Semantics, Networks, Correlation, Semitic Languages
Liang, Feifei; Gao, Qi; Li, Xin; Wang, Yongsheng; Bai, Xuejun; Liversedge, Simon P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Word spacing is important in guiding eye movements during spaced alphabetic reading. Chinese is unspaced and it remains unclear as to how Chinese readers segment and identify words in reading. We conducted two parallel experiments to investigate whether the positional probabilities of the initial and the final characters of a multicharacter word…
Descriptors: Reading Processes, Chinese, Orthographic Symbols, Word Recognition
Gettleman, Jessica N.; Grabman, Jesse H.; Dobolyi, David G.; Dodson, Chad S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
When pristine testing conditions are used, an eyewitness's high-confidence identification from a lineup can be a reliable predictor of their identification accuracy (Wixted & Wells, 2017). Further, Grabman, Dobolyi, Berelovich, and Dodson (2019) found that high-confidence identifications are more predictive of accuracy for individuals with…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Human Body, Recognition (Psychology), Accuracy
Entel, Olga; Tzelgov, Joseph – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
It was suggested that 2 preconditions promote proactive control: a pending plan to control performance and availability of working memory (WM) storage resources. In 4 experiments, we applied these preconditions to the Stroop task. Using a new approach, we focused on task conflict while manipulating not only the different stimuli proportions, but…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Comparative Analysis, Reaction Time, Color
Yasuda, Tetsuya; Kobayashi, Harumi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Learning part names, such as hands of a clock, can be a challenge for children because of the whole object assumption; that is, a child will assume that a given label refers to the whole object (e.g., a clock) rather than the object part (e.g., hands of a clock). We examined the effect of gaze shifting and deliberate pointing on learning part…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Naming, Vocabulary Development, Language Acquisition