Objective: Research has examined various aspects of the validity of the research criteria for binge eating disorder (BED) but has yet to evaluate the utility of Criterion C, "marked distress about binge eating." This study examined the significance of the marked distress criterion for BED using 2 complementary comparison groups. Method:…

Research has identified a significant increase in both the incidence and prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). The present study sought to test both linear and non-linear cusp catastrophe models by using aversive self-awareness, which was operationalized as a composite of aversive self-relevant affect and cognitions, and dissociation as…

Few studies have examined treatments for complicated grief--a debilitating condition that can develop after the loss of a loved one. This study compared the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy with a nonspecific treatment with supportive counseling (SC). Using a minimization method, 54 mourners with clinically significant levels of…

Compares three prevalent techniques used in classifying drug addicts. (Author)

The excessive influence of shape or weight on self-evaluation--referred to as overvaluation--is considered by some a central feature across eating disorders but is not a diagnostic requirement for binge eating disorder (BED). This study examined shape/weight overvaluation in 399 consecutive patients with BED. Participants completed semistructured…

Inmates were administered the revised Activity Preference Questionnaire, the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF), the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Sensation-Seeking Scale, and the Personal Opinion Study. Inspection of correlations and factors associated with indices…

Examined criminal histories of male psychopaths and nonpsychopaths, exploring time in prison and conviction rates for five-year periods between ages of 16 and 45. Criminal activities of nonpsychopaths were relatively constant over years; activities of psychopaths remained high until around age 40, then declined dramatically. Results are consistent…

The standard form Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and two abbreviated forms were compared with direct measures of psychopathology obtained from the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The multiple correlation coefficients between the BPRS ratings and the corresponding MMPI and abbreviated-form scales were significantly high…

Compared 20 bulimics, 20 restrained eaters, and 20 unrestrained eaters. Found that restrained eaters differed significantly from unrestrained eaters and were similar to bulimics except for level of psychopathology. Restrained and unrestrained eaters were similar on measures of interoceptive perception, depression, self-esteem, and fears about…

Compares the functioning of true-positive, false-positive, and true-negative adolescents on clinical and psychosocial functioning. False-positive persons did not differ significantly from the true-positive (diagnosed) participants on most of the measures of psychosocial dysfunction, indicating that "false positive" is not a benign…

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory admission and remission profiles were compared in a group of 34 patients hospitalized for depression. Relatively normal profiles for the bipolar group and abnormal profiles for the unipolar group significantly differentiated the two groups at admission, but, with one exception, the differences dissipated…

Current widespread use of the same youth assessment measures and scales across different nations assumes that youth psychopathology syndromes do not differ meaningfully across nations. By contrast, the authors' syndromal sensitivity model posits 3 processes through which cultural differences can lead to cross-national differences in…

Investigated the psychiatric comorbidity, health, and functioning of 1,000 primary care patients with alcohol abuse and dependence (AAD). Psychiatric symptomatology was assessed with the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) diagnostic system, which resulted in a 71 percent increase in physician recognition of AAD. Other findings…