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Direct linkBruno Arpino; Silvia Bacci; Leonardo Grilli; Raffaele Guetto; Carla Rampichini – Evaluation Review, 2025
We consider estimating the effect of a treatment on a given outcome measured on subjects tested both before and after treatment assignment in observational studies. A vast literature compares the competing approaches of modelling the post-test score conditionally on the pre-test score versus modelling the difference, namely, the gain score. Our…
Descriptors: Scores, Pretesting, Conditioning, Achievement Gains
Peer reviewedToedter, Lori J.; And Others – Evaluation Review, 1990
The problem of the appropriate comparison group for bereavement studies is discussed. The use of the retrospective pretest design is illustrated through a longitudinal study of bereavement outcome following pregnancy loss, involving 138 bereaved women and a comparison group of 215 currently pregnant women. (SLD)
Descriptors: Adults, Bereavement, Comparative Analysis, Control Groups
