Experimental research demonstrates sustained high-quality early care and education (ECE) can mitigate the consequences of poverty into adulthood. However, the long-term effects of community-based ECE are less known. Using the 1991 NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (n = 994; 49.7% female; 73.6% White, 10.6% African American,…

Background/Context: Though Black Americans have long suffered under racial tyranny, they have made valiant efforts to subvert policies and practices that encroach on their humanity. Nevertheless, systemic racism has been virtually unyielding--creating both racial hierarchies and disparities in access to resources and wellness. Programs designed to…

This study explored the civic engagement of adults holding an associate's degree compared to those holding a bachelor's degree. Most prior research has focused on individuals who hold 4-year degrees; the present study, however, sought to understand differences between holders of 2-year degrees and 4-year degrees. Descriptive statistics…

To document the extent and nature of community service activity by Western Washington University students, a survey was conducted of 1,513 individuals who received a bachelor's degree between Fall 1992 and Summer 1993. Almost half the students had participated in community service activities. These activities included internship experiences,…

A questionnaire answered by 2,758 members of the American Association of University Women (AAUW) sought to determine their behaviors in and attitudes toward employment and careers; leisure time activities; marriage, parenthood, and homemaking; and volunteer and community activities. The survey group women as a whole mostly have baccalaureate…