Citizen involvement in the public decision-making process can be facilitated if appropriate forms and functions of involvement are used. The issue cycle, which can help public officials to ensure that citizens have constructive and timely input into the decision-making process, involves awareness of some condition in the community; community…

THE HOMOGENOUS AND HARMONIOUS INDIAN BAND HAS VANISHED, IF IT EVER EXISTED. THE CONTEMPORARY INDIAN COMMUNITY IS AS HETEROGENEOUS AND DIVIDED AS ANY MORE ORDINARY COMMUNITY. OEO PROGRAMS ARE SOMETIMES MISDIRECTED BECAUSE THEY ARE ORGANIZED FROM THE ASSUMPTION THAT ONE INDIAN CAN SPEAK FOR THE TOTAL COMMUNITY. TWO REPORTS CONCERNING HEAD START…

The purpose of this collection of papers is to define and explain the concept of process orientation, especially as applied to community education. The major presentation begins by tracing the central importance of process orientation through a review of literature within community education. Then a variety of different perspectives on process…

American Indian rejection of the assimilation process coupled with recent positive Office of Educational Opportunity (OEO) experiences have given birth to new Indian ideologies which encompass regeneration of the internal forces in the Indian community. Local control of education provides the key to regenerative action and total development,…

While two-year community colleges have been presenting continuing education programs, one feature of the programs has continued to be dominant: their essential marginality. The new emphasis on serving the whole community calls for a totally different approach--that of integrating continuing education fully into the colleges' regular program. This…

The handbook is available to assist small communities with limited resources in planning, initiating, and carrying out a beautification or community development program. Evidence is provided of results which can be obtained when individual citizens and groups are given opportunities to participate, use their special skills, and become involved in…

This was an empirical study of actual processes of change as they were induced and as they occurred in a number of Indian communities. The tools were: a questionnaire composed of a number of schedules prepared for this purpose; case studies of leaders and of action situations; case histories of community institutions; an attitude study; and an…

The proceedings of the two-day National Asian Studies Conference II titled, "A Tool of Change or a Tool of Control?" represents some change in emphasis from the 1971, First National Asian American Studies Conference at UCLA. Conference II consisted of an Asian Women's Panel, a community session, a curriculum session, and several workshop…

This document presents a method, developed by the Institute for Child Advocacy [ICA], (a community based project which seeks to upgrade the quality of children's services in South Central Los Angeles) of using problem solving with community residents and agencies. This method of problem solving, previously used in a study of children being…

Technical capability, a resource needed by citizen groups, can usually be found. The uncertain political authority for decision-making given to citizen groups is a more serious problem. Local groups must learn where their project fits into the local political scheme. (EM)

The author argues that the appropriate type of citizen participation in an extension community development program depends on the goal for the program: creating community improvements or public policy education at the local level. He discusses the conflicting community-planning requirements between the two and stresses the need for extension…

The Kuru Development Trust is a development support program that is owned and controlled by the communities in which the organization operates, the majority being San, or Bushmen, communities in the Kalahari region of Africa. Following a holistic approach to development, Kuru is involved in a wide range of activities, including income-generating…

Sponsored by Rural Action, an Ohio multicounty community development corporation, artist Geoff Schenkel involves Appalachian Ohio communities and schools in the creation of community murals. The projects counter Appalachian stereotypes and boost self-esteem and community revitalization. Includes photographs. (SAS)

Debunks common myths about rurality and rural Australia. Calls for a change in perspective, putting person and place at the center of learning. Local involvement is key to the proposed Centre for Rural Communities, which would promote community sustainability through networking and training. Describes the Rural Women's Programme in Victoria and a…

In Manteo, North Carolina, community involvement in planning and design phases of community revitalization led to recognition of the town's "sacred structure"--highly valued places essential to social processes, lifestyle, and sense of place. Identification and preservation of these places allowed community development without negative…