The purpose of this article is to provide an educational, theoretical, and methodological framework for using a special kind of action research, namely PALAR (participatory action learning and action research). This integrated methodology of lifelong action learning (AL) and participatory action research (PAR) has been developed over the past…

The article describes in the first person how obstacles were overcome to accomplish the development of a leadership training program for low income people (mostly minority groups) in a city of 40,000. Course content, time and location of course, and training methods were important factors in the course design. The support of minority-group leaders…

Community educators need to provide grassroots leadership training, as can be seen by an examination of five points. First, a positive relationship exists between the quality of participation and the quality of leadership. Leadership should aim for team-directed action that meets member interests and concerns in the team's environment. Shared…

An article by the Secretariat of the Economic Commission for Latin America, United Nations, which discusses regional factors affecting rural and community development in the Caribbean, existing community development programs, and emerging trends in the region. (Author/DR)

Developed for program facilitators in rural communities, Leadership Enhancement for the Active Retired (LEAR) is a training model that builds on the leadership skills and expertise of people who are retired from full-time employment, but are still willing to share their time and talent to benefit their community. Although other formats for the…

Article by the Regional Development Section, United Nations, deals with the relationship between community development and government, at the national and local levels. Includes a section on the manner in which community development and broad policies of social institutional reform are interrelated, using land reform as a case in point. (Author/DR)

Reports results of a study of the Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement in Sri Lanka. Sarvodaya is a nonprofit, nongovernment community education-cum-development movement working in nearly 3,000 villages in Sri Lanka. "Sarvodaya" means universal awakening and "Shramadana" means sharing of one's time, energy, and thought for the good of…

This report is a description and analysis of the 4-H Community Resource Development Program (4-H/CRD). It is based on the proposition that youth activity can be motivated by the prospect of influencing community decisions and outcomes and that the subsequent related activity will be productive of participatory skills of lifelong value in an…

Combining formal instruction, work group activities, and field experience in nonmetropolitan counties, this last of three publications making up a community development training manual deals with extension programming in community development (CD). It is primarily intended for Extension Service personnel who have responsibilities for planning,…

The approach in this book focuses on the process involved in the area of concern recognized as community development. The first three chapters give background on the village community and the farmstead community. The remaining 11 chapters are given to developing an understanding of community development and its dynamics. The bibliography lists the…

This article discusses the outcomes of a project that used a community development framework to implement change in early care and intervention services in two culturally diverse communities. It describes how community forums and parent leadership training assisted in change efforts and lessons learned from implementation and evaluating reforms.…

These proceedings focus on psychological and other concepts relevant to community service; patterns, problems, and trends in community service by community and junior colleges; the effort to make such service relevant to the inner city; and the administration of cultural development and leisure activities, short courses and seminars, community…

This book presents the process of community education and shows how it can be used to meet real educational needs in any community--urban, rural, small town, or large town. The concept, as defined and explained in this volume, asserts that community education "dares to attempt to achieve a reasonable balance and effective use of all the…

A non-government program trains local action-researchers from villages of Java, Indonesia, to work for grass-roots social change within their communities. Begun in 1977, the program trains local men and women to work with their neighbors to revitalize existing institutions and to gain control over the development programs and social services…

The 3-year Citizen Leadership Program was designed to develop citizen-directed planning in Wisconsin. The first year focused on citizen involvement in land use planning; the second year, on community goal setting; and the third year, on community development projects. A representative group of 30 citizens participated in the program's workshops…