In the West, the community movement emphasizes grass roots control. In developing countries, however, community movements often reinforce the centralizing tendencies of the emerging nation-states. These third world movements must become independent of plans imposed by national governments, and instead, develop networks of ties with other…

To say that community control is democratic means that such control is consistent with the ideas of the democratic tradition. Even so, participation is hampered by the "natural" apathy of people. But the fact of apathy has too little research as to its causes to be well understood; perhaps, apathy is a rational response to a society which…

Discusses resource reallocation, community control, and tuition vouchers, and how each affects the role of the state, the community, and the family in the education process. (SP)

This paper supports the contention that community parity is an essential condition for the successful implementation of all projects supported by the U.S. Office of Education. The paper begins with a summary of the reasoning underlying this position, followed by some recommendations designed to guide planners of future government programs in…

It is the thesis of this paper that the most important task of many tasks of the community school director is to organize the various constituencies in his community. This does not mean that he organizes programs in which his constituents can participate, rather that he organizes people through the medium of activities. (Author)

Ocean Hill-Brownsville represents a paradigmatic attempt, within the reformist tradition of urban movements, to work within the educational system, adjusting it to new circumstances and needs. (JM)

The state of New South Wales (NSW) ceded the Canberra area to the Commonwealth in 1911 as the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), but maintained responsibility for education in the region until 1974, when the territory became responsible for its own educational system. ACT's Independent Education Authority came into being in large part as the…

Exclusion from mainstream American culture and perceptions of marginality drive some youth to create their own subgroups. As cultural elements of the subgroups reach further from what most Americans deem "acceptable," the alienation of these youth is intensified. Community agencies can use an ecological perspective to work for changes…

A vast number of different types of citizens' groups participate in the educational process with differing degrees of involvement. Besides school-oriented groups, there are child advocacy and neighborhood associations, other citizens groups that have broad concerns but are in part interested in schools, and the advisory committees created by legal…

This paper examines whether suburban communities can provide any useful conceptual tools for the examination of the prospects for community control in cities. Several propositions are advanced: First it is argued that the relevance of suburban community control to the poor in the cities is not diminished by the finding that those of high social…

This discussion focuses on potential solutions to the degradation of rainforests in Southeast Asia caused by indiscriminate logging, inappropriate road-construction techniques, forest fires, and the encroachment upon watersheds by both agricultural concerns and peasant farmers. Vignettes illustrate the impact of this degradation upon the animals,…

The extent of citizen participation is influenced by local community factors, the character of Federal agency policy, and the purposes of Federal legislators and administrators. The latter include: decrease of alienation, engagement of the "sick" individual in the healing process, creation of a neighborhood power force able to influence the…

The planning of research and other programs in isolation from a concerned community arouses the following concerns in the latter: research on what problems, under whose direction, for whose benefit, and toward what ultimate goal? New models for educational planning and research into which collaboration between the researcher and community at all…

Describes the process of obtaining and refining community input by major stakeholders utilized in 10 superintendent searches in a Southern state. Professional and personal characteristics and qualifications deemed important for the superintendent were solicited and used by the school boards in selecting the superintendent. (Contains 2 tables and…