Recognition of some of the variations in educational backgrounds and life-styles of foreign stduents--particularly those from developing nations--could ease the communication difficulties they face when studying in American universities. Observations of language problems, counseling problems, class behavior, and social customs are offered. (JMD)

The conventional nature of school-sponsored writing, in which writing becomes a formal operant within the closed space of classroom signifying practices, is one in which the feminine mode of expression often announces it cannot play. While the masculine style of peer-response to student writing is largely aggressive, the feminine is conceptually…

Students from different cultures follow differing norms for communication, affecting the classroom and students' grades. Such patterns are found in class discussions, question-and-answer sessions, small-group interactions (issues include cooperation, structure, competition, and gender), and formal class presentations. While no single teaching…