This study aims to map the cognitive structure of pre-service English language (EL) teachers about three key concepts related to approaches and methods in language teaching so as to discover their learning process and misconceptions. The study involves both qualitative and quantitative data. The researcher administrated a Word Association Test…

Finding the match between individuals and educational treatments is the aim of both educators and the aptitude-treatment interaction research paradigm. Using the latent growth curve analysis, the present study investigates the interaction between the type of explicit instructional approaches (deductive vs. explicit-inductive) and the level of…

Four experiments were conducted on the interrelationship between semantic and syntactic structures. The former were specified by the method of restricted associations, and the latter by traditional grammatical analysis. In all experiments subjects were required to generate sentences from sets of given words. The generated sentences were studied as…