The effects of communications training using a frequency count method to measure trainee behavior were studied. Both advanced and beginning structured training groups were compared with unstructured encounter groups. The results showed increases in empathic responses in the structured training groups and increases in questioning and…

This study examined racial experimenter effects in counseling-like interviews employing the verbal operant-conditioning paradigm. The absence of significant differences in the experimenter-subject racial interaction suggests that race, per se, may not be the most important variable in the experimenter-subject (or counselor-client) relationship.…

In an experiment studying the relationship between reciprocity and compensation in dyadic communication, 96 male college students were videotaped during hypothetical problem solving situations. An attitude scale was used to manipulate subjects' impressions of mutual similarity. Time was used to test development in the dependent variables…

The two studies reported, on teacher reinforcement of and teacher attitudes toward children's sex-preferred behaviors attempted to clarify some issues concerning the differential treatment of boys and girls at the preschool level. The first study looked at teacher reinforcement of sex-preferred behaviors in children aged 3 to 5 years as a function…

The effects of amount of exposure to response/outcome independence and teacher expressiveness on student ratings of the instructor, achievement test performance, and attribution items were studied. University students completed an aptitude test that provided contingent or noncontingent feedback and varied in length (short, medium, or long). All…