This research aimed to determine the factor that had the most significant contribution to students' motivation to learn English and the predictors of each element in the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) model in the Vietnamese context. Quantitative results were collected from 231s to year English major students via the survey questionnaire…

This study examined the effects of worked examples with different explanation types and novices' motivation on cognitive load, and how this subsequently influenced their programming problem-solving performance. Given the study's emphasis on both instructional approaches and learner motivation, the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning served as…

The present study is aimed at examining the links between L2 self-guides and self-determination theory (SDT). 429 Korean university students participated in the study and their responses to the questionnaires on L2 self-guides in the 2 x 2 model and autonomous motivation of SDT were analyzed. The results show that, first, promotion focused L2…

ChatGPT, as an example of generative artificial intelligence, possesses high-level conversational and problem-solving capabilities supported by powerful computational models and big data. However, the powerful performance of ChatGPT might enhance learner dependency. Although it has not yet been confirmed, many teachers and scholars are also…

In the 21st century, the urgent educational demand for cultivating complex skills in vocational training and learning is met with the effectiveness of the four-component instructional design model. Despite its success, research has identified a notable gap in the address of formative assessment, particularly within computer-supported frameworks.…

This qualitative, non-experimental meta-synthesis explored the antecedents, consequences, and interventions of both active and passive procrastination among university students. Based on the academic procrastination paradigm proposed by Schraw, Wadkins, and Olafson in 2007, the study synthesized and interpreted the findings of twelve purposefully…

Despite the significance of grit and motivational regulation strategies (MRS) to language learning, limited research has been conducted on their longitudinal interplay. The present study explores the relationship between these two constructs in an English as a second language (L2) learning context through a longitudinal design. This study utilizes…

IELTS is a widely accepted English language proficiency test, required for academic and professional purposes. In this study, we examined the relationship between IELTS and the English proficiency skills of international students. We developed a proximal mediation model based on Bandura's triadic reciprocal determinism theory and tested it using…

Over the past 15 years, the L2 motivational self system (Dörnyei, 2005, 2009) has been a dominant framework in the field of second language (L2) motivation. Yet, since the model's introduction, there has been a theoretical discordance between the two components associated with future self-images (the ideal L2 self and the ought-to L2 self) and the…

Student engagement is a complex phenomenon, with diverse interpretations, even within further and higher education. This article presents three potential, interconnected, novel models which provide a measure of unification of the range of interpretations and hence may improve understanding of the broad phenomenon. The models emerged from a study…

Building a teaching and learning strategy is an essential task for both lecturers and students. Innovation in methods and forms of teaching and learning, and in conducting examination and evaluation are in the direction of developing and promoting students' creativity. However, not all lecturers and students deeply understand and effectively use…

This study aimed to develop a second-language willingness to write (L2WTW) model for foreign language writing classrooms. For this purpose, based on previous empirical studies, a hypothesized framework that describes the relationship between L2 motivation, L2 learners' attitude, autonomy, self-confidence, teacher/peer feedback, and knowledge of…

Social networking sites have played an important role in enhancing students' social presence. As an educational tool for online courses, they have significantly contributed in promoting students' motivation for learning. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of social networking sites on students' academic performance. We conduct a…

The present study proposed and tested a revision of the self-guides outlined in the L2 motivational self system (Dörnyei, 2005, 2009). Covering the previous conceptualization and measurement issues, ideal L2 self and ought-to L2 self were bifurcated by own and other standpoints, and reoperationalized based on the fundamental tenets of…

Today's technology allows easier understanding of course activity and increasing motivation to learn. The Six Thinking Hats model, combined with the use of social media to enhance critical thinking abilities of learners. This framework is considered to be effective in promoting motivation and encouraging interaction between learners and teachers…