We investigate proving activities from a monistic embodied perspective, namely the functional dynamic systems (FDS) approach. Using proofs without words, we focus on proving activities that can be conceptualized as identifying and filling gaps. Using a microethnographic methodology enhanced by eye-tracking, we investigate sensory-motor processes…

The literature on proof by contradiction (PBC) is nearly unanimous in claiming that this proof technique is "more difficult" for students than direct proof, and offers multiple hypotheses as to why this might be the case. To examine this claim and to evaluate some of the hypotheses, we analyzed student work on proof construction problems…

This article presents several activities suitable for a transition to proofs course. In addition, this article surveys literature in support of active learning in the transition to proofs course and discusses how these activities have been successfully implemented in one such course.

In mathematics education, the research on proof by contradiction (PBC) often claims that this activity is more difficult for students than direct proof, or simply difficult in general. Many hypotheses have been offered to support or explain this belief, yet they span a disorientingly wide swath of journal articles, conference papers,…

The purpose of this study is to examine the performances of university students' using dynamic mathematics software GeoGebra in argumentations and proving processes. A task related to the limit involving "sinx/x" was designed and 18 university students worked on the task during the collaborative learning, scientific debate, and…

This study aimed to describe students' ability to arrange proof of abstract algebra problems (Subgroups) after receiving Information Technology (IT)-assisted scaffolding materials. To achieve this objective, we conducted exploratory qualitative research with students of Mathematics Education, Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban, participating in the…

An online intro-to-proof course provided an unexpected opportunity for a series of email exchanges that yielded insights into one student's mathematical thinking and the ambiguous role of mathematical jargon in miscuing this student's reasoning. The jargon deals with the notation [limit value of a function], which encapsulates multiple conceptual…

Knowledge assessments in undergraduate mathematics education commonly evaluate response correctness to determine learner proficiency. However, simultaneous evaluation of learner metacognition more accurately assesses the multiple dimensions of knowledge and has been shown to increase assessment validity and reliability. Research into…

Proof and proving are a core component of the discipline of mathematics and proving is a required exercise in many upper-level courses in mathematics at the undergraduate level. Writing proofs remains difficult for many students (Moore, 1994; Stylianides et al., 2017). To address this difficulty many universities have began offering Introduction…

This study aims to describe how subjects construct explicit warrant derived from implicit warrant when completing mathematical proof. This research was conducted on seventeen students of mathematics education study programs by providing tests on vector material in elementary linear algebra courses. The test results show that there are four…

This study investigates the associations of spontaneous "dynamic gesture" and "transformational speech" with the production of "deductive proofs" in participants' reasoning about geometric conjectures (N=77). Although statistical analysis showed no significant association, the result suggests that purposefully…

Mathematical proof is a logically formed argument based on students' thinking process. A mathematical proof is a formal process which needs the ability of analytical thinking to solve. However, researchers still find students who complete the mathematical proof process through intuitive thinking. Students who have studied mathematical proof in the…

The study focused on how university students constructed proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC) starting from their argumentations with dynamic mathematics software in collaborative technology-enhanced learning environment. The participants of the study were 36 university students. The data consisted of participants' written…

Students often view their role as that of a replicator, rather than a creator, of mathematical arguments. We aimed to engage our students more fully in the creation process, helping them to see themselves as legitimate proof creators. In this paper, we describe an instructional activity (i.e., the "group proof activity") that is…

Gestures are associated with powerful forms of mathematical understanding. However, determining the causative role of gestures has been more elusive. In the present study, we inhibit students' gestures by restraining their hands, and examine how this impacts their problem-solving when presented with geometric conjectures to prove. We find no…